Fundamentals exam1 chp1-6

Question 1

Common signs and symptoms of stress

Answer 1

Dry mouth, 
rapid pulse, 
rapid shallow breathing
sweaty palms
shakiness and tremors
increase blood pressure, 
frequent urination, 
muscle tension, 
inability to sit still, (tapping fingers on table, pumping leg up and down), 
talking rapidly, 
butterflies in stomach, 
dizziness or feeling lightheaded, 
inability to control tears anxiety, 
confusion, 
labile moods, 
depression 
quick to anger

Question 2

Stress related diseases and disorders

Answer 2

Headaches
gastritis 
asthma 
low back pain 
connective tissue disease 
ulcerative colitis 
irritable bowel syndrome 
allergies 
hypertension 
cancer 
sexual dysfunction 
Crohn disease 
eating disorder 
infection

Question 3

Advanced directive

Answer 3

Written statement expressing the patient’s wishes regarding future consent for or refusal of treatment if the patient is incapable of participating in decision-making.

Question 4

Appeal

Answer 4

Challenge to a court decision

Question 5

Civil rights, civil law

Answer 5

Personal or individual conditions guaranteed by the Constitution Bill of Rights and federal or regulatory law

Question 6

Defendant

Answer 6

Person accused of violation of public law (crime) or civil law (tort)

Question 7

Statute

Answer 7

Legal term for law

Question 8

Emancipated minor

Answer 8

Person under 18 years of age who is legally considered an adult usually because of marriage,parenthood, or enlistment in the armed services.

Question 9

Damages

Answer 9

The monetary award to an injured plaintiff when the defendant is found responsible for the injury

Question 10

Felony

Answer 10

A serious crime that may result in a prison time of more than one year

Question 11

Liability

Answer 11

Responsibility to pay or compensate for the loss, or injury resulting from one’s negligence

Question 12

Privileged relationship

Answer 12

One that requires confidentiality trust that information gained in the relationship will not be made public

Question 13

Precedent

Answer 13

A judicial decision that is used as a guide in interpreting the law in deciding cases afterwards

Question 14

Litigation

Answer 14

Lawsuit, legal process to prove facts of a dispute

Question 15

Malpractice insurance

Answer 15

Policy that protects a nurse from the expense of defending herself from lawsuit, will pay the amount awarded up to the the policy limits if a nurse is found guilty of malpractice

Question 16

Medical power of attorney

Answer 16

Legal assignment of ability to make healthcare decisions for another person similar to a health care agent

Question 17

Power of attorney

Answer 17

Legal action to allow person to conduct business matters for another

Question 18

Health care agent

Answer 18

Person designated by the patient to make healthcare decisions when the patient is incapacitated. Usually part of an advance directive

Question 19

Nurse practice act

Answer 19

Laws that defined the scope of nursing practice and provide for the regulation of the profession by the state board of nursing

Question 20

What to expect during your hospital stay

Answer 20

High-quality hospital care
A clean and safe environment involvement in your care
protection of your privacy
help preparing you and your family for when you leave the hospital
help with your bill and filing insurance claims

Question 21

Reciprocity

Answer 21

Recognition of one state nursing license by another state

Question 22

Joint commission goals

Answer 22

To provide evidence in expert base solutions to areas they have caused problems with patient safety

Question 23

QSEN

Answer 23

Purpose; to educate future nurses in developing the knowledge, skills, and attitudes needed to improve the quality and safety of our future healthcare systems.

Question 24

Hospital national patient safety goals

Answer 24

Identify patients correctly
Improve staff communication 
Use medicine safely 
Prevent infection 
Identify patients safety risk
Prevent mistakes in surgery

Question 25

Rights provided by HIPPA

Answer 25

``` Consent Notice Access Amendment Accounting for disclosures Restriction of disclosures ```

Question 26

Types of consent

Answer 26

``` Admission agreement Operative of consent Consent to receive blood Research consent Consent to release information Other consent (special consents are required to perform an autopsy, donate organs after death, or to be photographed, and for disposal of body parts doing surgery) ```

Question 27

Consent

Answer 27

Permission given by the patient or his legal representative

Question 28

Three elements of informed consent for surgery

Answer 28

1. The patient must be told the risk and benefits of the proposed treatment 2. The possible consequences of not having the procedure done 3. The name of the healthcare professional who will perform the procedure

Question 29

Defamation

Answer 29

When one person makes remarks about another person that were untrue and the remarks damage that other person's reputation

Question 30

Two forms of defamation

Answer 30

Slander (oral) | Libel (written)

Question 31

Duty

Answer 31

The obligation to use due care, example; a nurse has a duty to monitor the condition of the patient for whom she's caring. An element of malpractice

Question 32

Breach of duty

Answer 32

An element of malpractice | Failure to use due care; example; I know it feels to check the vital signs or condition of the patient after surgery

Question 33

Causation

Answer 33

An element of malpractice | The nurses actions or in actions causes injury or harm to the patient

Question 34

Injury or damages

Answer 34

An element of malpractice The actual harm or disorder that result from the negligence. Injury or damage may be physical emotional or financial. Pain and suffering, loss of ability to continue in a job, physical or emotional disability, extended hospitalization, or death would all be considered injury or damage and I negligence action.

Question 35

False imprisonment

Answer 35

Preventing a person from leaving, or restricting his movements in the facility

Question 36

Guidelines to reduce legal risk | How to stop a lawsuit from happening

Answer 36

``` Maintain competence (learn skills thoroughly,know states nurse practice act Document Fully Establish rapport Communicate effectively Take care of yourself ```

Question 37

Ethics

Answer 37

Rules of conduct that have been agreed to by a particular group

Question 38

NAPNES standards of practice for licensed practical/vocational nurses

Answer 38

Professional behaviors Communication communicate effectively Assessment collect holistic assessment data communicate the date it's a healthcare providers and evaluate the patient responsive to interventions Caring demonstrate a caring and empathic approach to patient care Managing under supervision implement patient care

Question 39

Nursing process

Answer 39

A way of thinking and acting based on the scientific method

Question 40

The nursing process includes

Answer 40

``` Assessment/data collection Nursing diagnosis Planning Implementation Evaluation ```

Question 41

Clinical reasoning

Answer 41

Skills that result in sonic clinical judgment

Question 42

Clinical judgment

Answer 42

Out the outcome of clinical reasoning

Question 43

Gordon's 11 health patterns

Answer 43

``` Health perception – health management pattern Nutritional – metabolic pattern Elimination pattern Activity – exercise pattern Cognitive – perceptual pattern Sleep – rest pattern Self perception – self concept pattern Role relationship pattern Sexuality – reproductive pattern Coping – stress – tolerance Pattern Value-belief pattern ```

Question 44

Face sheet

Answer 44

Age, sex, martial status/significant other, religion, occupation, residents, next of kin and address, allergies, insurance status

Question 45

Physicians orders

Answer 45

Admitting diagnosis, date of admission; current orders regarding diet, activity, frequency sea of vital signs measurements, daily weight, treatments, medications, diagnostic test order, IV fluids, therapies order

Question 46

Quick chart review

Answer 46

Facesheet physicians orders nurses notes physician's progress notes medication administration record positions patient history and physical surgery operative report pathology report current dog Gnostic test nursing admission history and assessment fall risk assessment skin assessment nursing care plan or problem list

Question 47

Physical examination

Answer 47

``` Conducted by an RN Using techniques of inspection(looking) Auscultation (listening) Palpation(touching) Percussion (thumping) ```

Question 48

Quick head to toe assessment

Answer 48

``` Initial observation head vital signs heart and lung assessment neurology check abdomen extremities tubes and equipment present pain status ```

Question 49

Cues

Answer 49

Pieces of data or information that influence decisions

Question 50

Nursing diagnosis

Answer 50

Indicates the patients actual health status or the risk of a problem developing

Question 51

Defining characteristics

Answer 51

Signs and symptoms that must be present for particular nursing diagnosis still be appropriate for the patient

Question 52

Signs

Answer 52

Abnormalities that can be verified by repeat examination and are objective data

Question 53

Symptoms

Answer 53

Factors the patient has said are occurring that cannot be verified by examination. symptoms are subjective data

Question 54

Construction of a nursing diagnosis

Answer 54

Signs and symptoms+ Etiology(cause) + Problem = Nursing Diagnosis

Question 55

Interdependent action

Answer 55

Actions that come from collaborative care planning

Question 56

Clinical pathway, CareMap

Answer 56

A step-by-step approach to the total care of a patient

Question 57

Standard steps for all nursing procedures

Answer 57

Step A; perform the task according to protocol Step B; check the order, collect the equipment and supplies, and perform hand hygiene Step C; identify a prepared the patient Step D; provide privacy and institute safety precautions; arrange the supplies and equipment DURING THE PROCEDURE Step E; use standard precautions and aseptic technique as appropriate AT THE END OF THE PROCEDURE Step X; remove gloves and other protective equipment Step Y; Restore the unit. Collect the use equipment; dispose of, clean, or store items in the proper places Step Z; Records and report the procedure

Question 58

Evaluation

Answer 58

The fifth and final steps of the nursing process

Question 59

Steps for construction of a nursing care plan

Answer 59

1. Collect data for a database on a patient 2. Analyze the data base to determine current and potential problems 3. Choose appropriate nursing diagnoses based on when defining characteristics of the patients problems 4. Rank the nursing diagnoses in order of priority 5. Plan the nursing care by defining goals and writing expected outcomes 6. Plan nursing care by choosing appropriate nursing interventions that will assist in achieving the outcomes 7. Implement the nursing interventions 8. Evaluate the actual outcomes of each nursing intervention; determine whether progress toward achieving the expected outcome has been made

Question 60

Stages of illness

Answer 60

Transition state Acceptance stage Convalescence stage