fundamentals/aged client, dementia, delirium

Question 1

the four techniques used in physical assessment are…..

Answer 1

inspection, palpation, percussion, ausculation

Question 2

Dementia vs. delerium. Which is chronic, and which one is acute?

Answer 2

deliriium is and acute change, and dementia is progressive and chronic.

Question 3

delirium is charachterized as:

Answer 3

an acute disorder of attention and cognition.

Question 4

Risk factors for delerium are:

Answer 4

immoblization (restraints), infection (esp. UTI), medical illnesses, alcohol or drug withdrawal, environmental influences (hospitalization), polypharmacy.

Question 5

some signs and symptoms of delirium are:

Answer 5

mental confusion and excitement, disorientation to time and place (usually with illusions and hallucinations), memory impairment(esp. recent events), hyper alert or difficult to arouse, duration ranges from hours to days, symptoms fluctuate over the course of the day with periods of lucidity.

Question 6

How would a nurse prevent a patient from becoming delerious?

Answer 6

As soon as you see an acute change, take vitals, assess, get data and call physician Doctor will give you orders and you take it from there. .

Question 7

Loss of ability to speak is called?

Answer 7

aphasia

Question 8

Dementia- the development of multiple cognitive deficits including memory impairment and at least one of the following…..

Answer 8

aphasia, apraxia, agnosia, amnesia, disturbed execution functioning.

Question 9

inability to make purposeful movements is called..

Answer 9

apraxia

Question 10

inability to recognize objects is….

Answer 10

agnosia

Question 11

Disturbed executive functioning means a person has trouble……

Answer 11

planning, organizing abstracting

Question 12

What are some changes that take place in the brain for alzheimer’s disease?

Answer 12

plaque build up, neutofibers deteriorate, the brain atrophies, brain actually shrinks.

Question 13

The sixth leading cause of death is….

Answer 13

alzheimers

Question 14

some over the counter meds. that have been shown to help alzheimers are…..

Answer 14

vitamin E (may reduce rate of functional decline), ginko biloba (seems capable of stabilizing and improving cognitive and social functioning) Anti-inflammatory drugs (studies show possibly some effect in delaying onset), statin drugs.(work on cholesterol and the plaque that collects in the brain.

Question 15

The 2 most common fda meds used for alzheimers are…..

Answer 15

Aricept and Exelon

Question 16

the young old category of elders is the ages of

Answer 16

65 to 75 years old

Question 17

the old category is between the ages of

Answer 17

75 to 85

Question 18

the old- old category is from ages

Answer 18

85 to 100 years old

Question 19

elite old is the ages of

Answer 19

over 100 years old

Question 20

A decrease in muscle fiber is called….

Answer 20

sarcopenia

Question 21

A hump back is known as…

Answer 21

kyphosis

Question 22

This is the cause of deposits of fat or lipids around the cornea of the eye

Answer 22

arcus senilis

Question 23

hearing loss related to age is called

Answer 23

presbycusis

Question 24

The inability to to focus or accomodate due to loss of flexiblilty of the lense of the eye is called….

Answer 24

presbyopia

Question 25

Difficulty breathing is called…..

Answer 25

dyspnea

Question 26

According to Havighurst’s activity theory, the best way to age is

Answer 26

stay active physically and mentally

Question 27

The continuity theory proposes that…..

Answer 27

people maintain their values, habits, and behavior in old age

Question 28

A dry mouth due to a decrease in saliva is called…

Answer 28

xerostomia

Question 29

Is the subjective response experienced by the surviving loved ones called bereavement or mourning?

Answer 29

bereavment

Question 30

The behavioral process through which grief is eventually resolved or altered is called….

Answer 30

mourning

Question 31

Kubler-Ross’s stages of grieving are…..

Answer 31

senial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptancd

Question 32

three types of grief that are considered normal or healthy are…

Answer 32

abbreviated grief, anticipatory grief, and disenfranchised grief (the emotions are felt privately just not expressed in public.

Question 33

at which age does a child begin to accept that he or she will someday die?

Answer 33

9-12 years old

Question 34

When a person has just died, does the nurse first check the blood pressure or apical pulse?

Answer 34

apical pulse, if there is no heart beat the client has died. The blood pressure may not be able to be heard on ausculation because it is very low..

Question 35

The actions of the drug aricept are…..

Answer 35

it is a reversible acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. Its therapeutic effect in Alzheimer’s stems mainly from an increase in the concentration of acetylcholine through the reversible inhibition of its hydrolysis by acetylcholinesterase.