Fundamentals Flashcards
In simple terms, what are the TCP and UDP protocols used for?
To send bits of data, known as packets across a network.
What is the main difference between the TCP and UDP protocols?
- ) TCP guarantees transmission of the packets in order as the packets are numbered.
- ) UDP packets are just sent to the recipient. There is no guarantee that all packets will be received.
What is the TCP/IP model used for?
It is used to describe how the functions of a communication system work interact with one another.
Name the four layers of the TCP/IP model in order
- Application layer
- Transport layer
- Internet layer
- Network access layer
Name two types of network cables
- Copper twisted-pair
2. Fiber optic cables
What is a Switch used for?
A Switch is used to connect multiple devices to a LAN
What is a router used for?
A router is like a dispatcher.
It routes data between independent networks.
What does a router use to direct data?
It uses its routing tables.
What do routers use BGP for?
BGP is Border Gateway protocol
Routers use this protocol to share data so that they can learn the most optimal paths to forward data/traffic.
Describe what a ‘bit’ is
A bit is the smallest representation of data that a computer can understand.
It is either a one or a zero.
What is a MAC address?
This is a unique identifier attached to an individual network interface.
How is a MAC address represented?
- It is a 48 bit number represented by 6 groupings of two hexadecimal numbers.
What is hexadecimal?
It is a way to represent numbers using 16 digits.
What are the 16 digits used in hexadecimal?
0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F
What is an Octet?
An Octet is 8 bits
