Fundamentals Flashcards
(32 cards)
Environmental Theory
Florence Nightingale
Emphasizes the importance of the environment in patient recovery. Key factors include cleanliness, ventilation, temperature, light, diet, and noise.
Environmental Theory
Florence Nightingale
Environment impacts health.
Nurses should manipulate the environment to aid recovery.
Environmental Theory
Florence Nightingale
Need Theory
Virginia Henderson
Focuses on patient independence and basic human needs. Nurses assist patients in activities that contribute to health or recovery.
Need Theory
Virginia Henderson
14 basic needs (e.g., breathing, eating, elimination).
Goal is patient independence.
Need Theory
Virginia Henderson
Self-Care Deficit Theory
Dorothea Orem
Nursing is required when patients cannot care for themselves. Emphasizes self-care, self-care deficit, and nursing systems.
Self-Care Deficit Theory
Dorothea Orem
Self-care and self-care deficit.
Three nursing systems: wholly compensatory, partially compensatory, supportive-educative.
Self-Care Deficit Theory
Dorothea Orem
Interpersonal Relations Theory
Hildegard Peplau
Nursing is a therapeutic relationship between nurse and patient. Emphasizes communication and the nurse-patient relationship.
Interpersonal Relations Theory
Hildegard Peplau
Phases of nurse-patient relationship: orientation, identification, exploitation, resolution.
Roles of the nurse (e.g., teacher, leader, surrogate).
Interpersonal Relations Theory
Hildegard Peplau
Theory of Goal Attainment
Imogene King
Focuses on goal setting and attainment through nurse-patient interactions. Emphasizes mutual goals.
Theory of Goal Attainment
Imogene King
Personal, interpersonal, and social systems.
Setting and achieving goals together.
Theory of Goal Attainment
Imogene King
Neuman Systems Model
Betty Neuman
Views patients as open systems interacting with stressors. Focuses on stress and stress reduction.
Neuman Systems Model
Betty Neuman
Adaptation Model
Sister Callista Roy
Focuses on adaptation to changes in the environment. The nurse helps patients adapt using the regulator and cognator subsystems.
Adaptation Model
Sister Callista Roy
Adaptation in physiological, self-concept, role function, interdependence.
Use of regulator and cognator mechanisms.
Adaptation Model
Sister Callista Roy
Theory of Human Caring
Jean Watson
Emphasizes caring as the essence of nursing. Focuses on holistic care and the nurse-patient relationship.
Theory of Human Caring
Jean Watson
Carative factors.
Transpersonal caring relationship.
Theory of Human Caring
Jean Watson
Transcultural Nursing Theory
Madeleine Leininger
