fundamental test 3 study guide chp 27,28,& 36 Flashcards
Developmental stages and lifestyle habits, as well as safety
Infant, toddler, and preschooler: leading causes are falls, ingestion injuries, and burns
School-age children: falls, motor vehicle injuries, and bike injuries, unsafe playground equipment
Adults: motor vehicle accidents, smoking, alcohol and drug use or abuse.
Older adults: physiological changes associated with aging, effects of medications, psychological factors and acute or chronic disease, all increase risk for falls and other accidents
Causes, signs and symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning?
An odorless gas that affects oxygen by binding strongly with hemoglobin preventing the formation of oxyhemoglobin and reducing the levels of oxygen delivered to the tissues. Low concentrations can cause nausea, dizziness, headache, and fatigue
Stress and effects it can have on an individual
People who are preoccupied by stress or anxiety are more accident prone because they fail to recognize the source of potential accidents
Medicare and hospital acquired infections
Healthcare providers cause procedure-related accidents. They include medication and fluid administration errors, not putting external devices on correctly and improperly performing procedures such as dressing changes
Malfunctioning equipment
Equipment-related accidents result from electrical hazard or malfunction disrepair or misuse of equipment
Restraints- assessment, proper placement, tying of the restraints
Assess skin, continence, nutrition, and psychological factors, when using physical restraints make sure restraints are not tied to bed rails instead use the part of the bed frame that moves, tie restraint with a quick release method (sometimes quick release buckles are in place)
Safety for the older confused adult in a hospital setting; use of alarms
Safety for older adults focuses primarily on accident prevention. Older adults are predispose to falls. Bed alarms are a preventive measure used to alert staff that a patient is attempting to get out of bed or chair unassisted
Basic human needs:
Oxygen, nutrition, & temperature
Fire safety
Use of smoke detectors
-staff keep combustible away from heat source
-appliance with facility safety codes
-Rescue
Alarm
Confine
Extinguish
-fire control panel part of a fire alarm system
Posture
Maintaining optimal body position
Bones and their function in exercise & activity
5 functions: Support Protection Movement Mineral storage Hematopoiesis (blood cell formation) In exercise bones serve as framework and contribute to shape, alignment, and positioning of body parts. Bones provide movement using their joints as levers for muscle attachment.
Proprioception
Awareness of the position of the body and its parts depends on impulse from the inner ear and receptors in joints and ligaments
Cerebellum
-responsible for balance
The cerebellum and inner ear control balance through the nerves system. Major function is coordinate all voluntary movements.
Principles of body mechanics
Body alignment
Body balance
Posture
Most common back injury (region)
Lumbar vertebrae