Fundamental Rights

Question 1

Why are fundamental rights incorporated in the constitution?

Answer 1

Because of their universal nature

Question 2

Which international declarations did India have in mind while framing the constitution?

Answer 2

1. Declaration of human rights
   A legacy of the French Revolution in the constitution of France 1789
2. Bill of rights
   in the constitution of the United States of America in 1791
3. Universal declaration of human rights
   Adopted by the UN assembly on 10th December 1948

Question 3

List a few points on the significance of fundamental rights.

Answer 3

1. Provide suitable conditions for overall growth and development of the people.
2. Protect people from unjust discrimination
3. Keep a check on the arbitrary powers and acts of the government
4. They are enforceable by law and thus one can move to the supreme or high court for their enforcement
5. Reveals the concept of equality as all citizens are given the same freedom irrespective of their caste, sex , race, social status, etc.
6. They have helped in framing legislations to abolish untouchability in the Indian society

Question 4

Name the 6 different types of fundamental rights.

Answer 4

1. Right to freedom
   
   2. Right to equality
   3. Right to constitutional remedies
   4. Right against exploitation
   5. Right to freedom of religion
   6. Cultural and educational rights

Question 5

What are the exceptions of right to equality on the basis of public employment?

Answer 5

1. The state may make special reservations for women
2. The state may make special reservations for socially and economically backward classes or scheduled classes and tribes

Question 6

How has right of equality been implemented?

Answer 6

1. Abolishing untouchability
2. Prevention of anyone from entering a public place of worship or from using public wells is considered a punishable offence
3. Abolishing titles such as Maharaja, Rai Sahib, Khan Bahadur etc.

Question 7

What are the six fundamental freedoms of every Indian citizen?

Answer 7

1. Freedom of speech and expression
2. Freedom to assemble peacefully without arms
3. Freedom to form associations or unions
4. Freedom to move freely in India
5. Freedom to reside in any part of India
   Freedom to practice any trade, business or profession

Question 8

What are the rights granted in case of arrest under ordinary circumstances?

Answer 8

1. They cannot be detained into custody without being informed about the grounds of arrest
2. They can be defended by a lawyer of their choice
3. They have the right to be produced be for the nearest magistrate within 24 hours of arrest

Question 9

List the prohibitions under the rights against exploitation.

Answer 9

1. Bonded labour
2. Slavery
3. Human trafficking
4. The practice of engaging children under 14 years of age in factories, mines and other hazardous occupations.

Question 10

What are fundamental duties?

Answer 10

Duties one must abide by while enjoying fundamental rights

Question 11

What are the fundamental duties of Indian citizens?

Answer 11

1. Abiding by the constitution and respecting its ideals and institutions, national flag and the national anthem
   2.cherish and follow Nobel duties which inspired our national struggle for freedom
2. Defending the country and rendering national service when called upon to do so.
3. Upholding and protecting the sovereignty of, integrity and unity of India.
4. Promoting harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood
5. Preserving rich heritage including monuments
6. Protecting the environment
   8 . Development of scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform
7. Safeguarding public property
8. Striving towards excellence in all fields