Fundamental Programming

Question 1

integer

Answer 1

a value which is a whole number

Question 2

real

Answer 2

a value which is a number containing a decimal point

Question 3

Boolean

Answer 3

a value which can be TRUE or FALSE

Question 4

Character

Answer 4

A value which contains a single character-(letter , symbol or digit)

Question 5

String

Answer 5

A value which contains a sequence of characters

Question 6

Variable

Answer 6

Variables contain values which CAN change

Question 7

Constant

Answer 7

A constant value CANNOT be changed once assigned

Question 8

Declare/Declaration

Answer 8

The process of informing the computer of a new variable and the type of data it will contain

Question 9

Assign/Assignment

Answer 9

The process of giving a value to a variable

Question 10

Execute

Answer 10

The process of a computer carrying out an instruction

Question 11

Statement

Answer 11

An instruction for a computer programme to execute

Question 12

Condition

Answer 12

A statement which will either evaluate to TRUE or FALSE

Question 13

Iteration

Answer 13

Where code repeats-also known as a loop

Question 14

Definite Iteration

Answer 14

Also known as count controlled iteration- where a loop repeats code a specific number of pre-determined times, often in a FOR loop

Question 15

Indefinite iteration

Answer 15

Also known as condition controlled iteration- where a loop repeats until a condition is no longer met, often in a WHILE loop

Question 16

Selection

Answer 16

The program preforms a check list against a condition and responds accordingly, often in an IF loop

Question 17

Nested

Answer 17

Where a statement is contained within another statement(nested loop, nested selection loop)

Question 18

Subroutine

Answer 18

Programmers create these to prefrom a specific job

Question 19

Procedure

Answer 19

A type of subroutine that executes code that does a specific job.

Question 20

Function

Answer 20

A type of subroutine which returns a value when finished

Question 21

Subroutine Interface

Answer 21

Consists of the subroutine identifier, any parameter, and the return value

Question 22

Random Numbers

Answer 22

Numbers are generated using a built in algorithm and are not truly random numbers

Question 23

Data Structures

Answer 23

Data Structures enable multiple pieces of data to be held together. they can include arrays and records

Question 24

Array

Answer 24

A 1d array is a list. A 2D array is a table. All data must be the same data type

Question 25

Record

Answer 25

A record allows a programming to group many variables together in a single descriptive varaible.

Question 26

Compiler

Answer 26

Takes the entire source code and converts it in to machine code, meaning the source code does not need to be destributed.

Question 27

Interpreter

Answer 27

translates the source code one line at a time. slower than a compiler but allows faster changes to be made

Question 28

Assembler

Answer 28

Translates assembly language in to a machine code.

Question 29

Machine Code

Answer 29

The binary patterns interpreted by a CU

Question 30

Source Code

Answer 30

The written code produced by a programmer

Question 31

Low Level Language

Answer 31

Assembly is a low level language which gives the programmer more control over the CPU and memory

Question 32

High Level Language

Answer 32

Examples include visual basic. easy for humans to use, but needs compiled to machine code for computer to execute

Question 33

Length

Answer 33

Finds the length of a string(or array)

Question 34

Position

Answer 34

Finds the index within a string

Question 35

Substring

Answer 35

Returns a part of a string, from beginning ,middle, or end.

Question 36

Concatenation

Answer 36

Join two strings together to form a new string

Question 37

Global Scope

Answer 37

Variables that can exist throughout the entire computer program

Question 38

Local Scope

Answer 38

Variables that only exist in specific code block and are deleted when the code being executed moves outside the code block

Question 39

Increment

Answer 39

Increase by 1

Question 40

Decrement

Answer 40

Decrease by 1

Question 41

Defensive Programming

Answer 41

Planning for errors to occur by trying to predict and handle them with selection or iteration

Question 42

Robust

Answer 42

Code that does not cause run time errors

Question 43

Run Time Errors

Answer 43

A code error that causes whilst a computer program is executing ,possibly causing it to crash

Question 44

Syntax Error

Answer 44

A human mistake with the structure of the programming code meaning a high level language cannot compile

Question 45

Logic Error

Answer 45

Code which is correct in the view of the computer, but does not execute as expected

Question 46

Sequence

Answer 46

The order of actions and instructions