Functions Of The Skeleton Flashcards
What are the 6 functions of the skeleton?
*framework- to provide a bony framework to the body to give it shape
*protection- to support and protect certain vital organs( skull protecting brain)
*locomotion-to act as biomechanical levers on which muscles can pull to produce joint motion.
*soft tissue attachment- to provide surfaces for soft tissue attachment (eg. Muscles and ligaments)
*production- certain bones produce red blood cells, granular white blood cells and platelets from their bone marrow.
Storage- to store several minerals such as calcium and phosphorus to be released when required. Triglycerides are also stored in the adipocytes of yellow bone marrow.
The skeletal system can be broken down into:
The axial skeleton - spine, ribs and skull.
The appendicular skeleton - upper and lower limbs, the pelvic and shoulder girdles.
How many bones in the skull ( cranial)
8
Spine Area. How many bones in the cervical vertebrae? (Neck region.)
7
How many bones in the Thoracic vertebrae? ( chest area)
12
How many bones in the Lumbar vertebrae? ( lower back)
5
How many bones in the Sacral vertebrae? ( rump. (Fused)
5
How many bones in the Coccygeal vertebrae? ( used to be the tail- fused)
4
Chest Area. How many bones in the ribs?
12 pairs
Where do the12 pairs of rib bones originate from?
All originate from the thoracic vertebrae and the pairs extend round to form the chest wall.
First 7 pairs attach onto sternum
Next 3 pairs have common cartilaginous attachment to the sternum.
Last 2 pairs are free ( floating)
How many bones in the sternum?
1
Receives the clavicle and upper 10 pairs of ribs.
Shoulders.
How many bones in the scapulae ( shoulder blade)?
2
Held on by muscular attachments to the rib cage at the back and the clavicle at the front.
Shoulder area.
How many bones in the clavicle ( collar bone)?
2
Maintains the scapula at the correct distance from the chest wall.
Arms.
How many bones in the humerus?
2
Bone of the upper arm
Arms
How many bones in the Radius?
2
Inner bone of the forearm.
Arm
How many bones in the Ulna?
2
With the radius forms the elbow joint at the humerus and the wrist at the lower end.
Hands
How many bones in the carpals?
16
Form the wrist in two rows of 4
Hands
How many bones in the metacarpals?
10
First metacarpal is the thumb and the rest are in the palm.
Hands
How many bones are in the phalanges?
28 The fingers ( 3 each) The thumbs (2 each)
The pelvis
How many bones are in the Ilium?
2
The sacrum interlocks with the pelvis and the lower limbs articulate with it.
The pelvis
How many bones does the Ischium have?
2
Pelvis
How many bones does the pubis have?
2
Legs
How many bones in the femur?
2
The thigh bone is the longest bone in the body and forms the knee joint with the tibia.
Legs
How many bones does the tibia have?
2 Lower leg (weight bearing)
