functions of the cardiovascular system Flashcards
what are the vital functions of the cardiovascular system
transporting nutrients, hormones, and wastes
how many well- integrate circulatory systems are there
2
what type of system is the double-loop system
closed circulatory system
what type of walled arteries does the closed circulatory system consist of
thick walled arteries
what do the thick walled arteries do in the closed circulatory system
transport blood away from heart
what do the thin walled veins do in the closed circulatory system
transport blood to heart and capillaries
what are the capillaries made of
single layer of endothelium
what do the capillaries do
connects arteries to veins in tissues
what does the open lymphatic system circulate and filters
interstitial fluid between cells and eventually drains into the the circulatory system
what does the closed double loop system transport
blood and hormones
what are the 2 parts of the closed double loop system
pulmonary and systemic
what type of blood does the pulmonary loop carry
carries deoxygenated blood
where does the pulmonary loop carry deoxygenated blood from and to
from right ventricle of the heart to the lungs
what happens after deoxygenated blood goes from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs
it is oxygenated and returns the oxygenated blood to the left atrium
what type of blood does the systemic loop carry and where does it go to and from
oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body
what type of blood does the systemic loop return and where does it return it to
deoxygenated blood to the right atrium
how many cycles of contractions does the heart undergoes
2
what are the 2 contractions of the heart
systole and diastole
what does systole contraction indicate
contraction of heart muscles
what does diastole contraction indicate
relaxation of heart muscles
in the heart cycle what does ventricular systole mean
ventricles contract
in the heart cycle what does ventricular systole cause
atrioventricular valves — mitral and tricuspid valves to close
what sound occurs when the atrioventricular valves close
makes a “lub” sound
how are empty ventricles filled
blood pushed out during atrial systole
at the same time, what also happens when the atrioventricular valves close
semilunar valves in the aorta and pulmonary trunk close
what does the closing of the semilunar valves prevent
prevents blood from falling back into the ventricles
what sound occurs when the semilunar valves close
“dub sound”
what sound does the closing of both the atrioventricular and semilunar valves complete
lub/dub sound of the heart
what is the contraction of the closing of the atrioventricular and semilunar valves controlled by
pacemaker
what is the pacemaker called
sinoatrial node
what does the pacemaker “sinoatrial node” do
sends out electrical signals
what does the thick walls of the arteries withstand
to withstand pressure of blood pumped by the heart
what do veins have thinner walls of
muscle layer and large lumen
