functions of the car

Question 1

Radiator

Answer 1

The engine block is hot from internal combustión and friction. The motor oil helps a ton but its not enough.
Water and antifreeze are pumped into chambers to absorb excess heat and draw it away from vital areas.
The fluid returns to the radiator by a hose. The radiators large and has many coils. This is purposeful so that the surface area can cool down the fluid by a fan y the outside air. Its important to have enough coolant.

Question 2

differential

Answer 2

• Exists so that when you turn wheels move at the same speed and can turn independently of each other
• moves energy from the engine to the wheels and to the drive train.
• low center drive: meaning the drive train is at the bottom of the differential and is under the car.

Question 3

differential

Answer 3

connected to the differential

Question 4

Horsepower

Answer 4

• how much work you can get done in a certain time

- a measure of power. shows how much work the engine can do

Question 5

torque

Answer 5

• twisting force. how hard you can twist something without regard to time.
• ft/pounds
• with turbo, the torque width stays high for a long amoung of time.
• when rpms get really high, torque starts to drop because the engine can’t breath sufficiently.

Question 6

horsepower vs torque

Answer 6

torque is twist

Question 7

rpm

Answer 7

revolutions per minute

largely a product of rpm x torque

Question 8

main components of an engine

Answer 8

block, cylinders, pistons, spark plugs, fuel injectors, intake and exhaust valves, timing chain/belt, crankshaft, connecting rods, camshaft.

Question 9

how is power made in engine

Answer 9

4 strokes

1. down. intake valve opens and fuel and air move in
2. up. compression of air and fuel mixture
3. down because a spark ignites the compressed gas.
4. exhaust stroke up. the exhaust valve opens and the burn air is shot up and out to leave by exhaust pipe.

Question 10

bore

Answer 10

how wide the cylinder is

Question 11

compression ratio

Answer 11

ration between when the piston is at the bottom of the cylinder and when it is at the top.
higher compression ration requires more fuel but give more power

Question 12

displacement

Answer 12

how the internal size of the engine is described.

cylinder bore x stroke length x number of cylinders and is expressed in liters.

Question 13

valves, how many and how do they open and close

Answer 13

most high performance vehicles have two intake and two outtake valves per piston.

they open by camshaft that has push valves.

Question 14

dohc vs sohc

Answer 14

dohc- one camshaft for the intake valves and another for the outtake.
sohc- single overhead camshaft that takes care of the opening and closing.

Question 15

why the v?

Answer 15

any car with more than 4 cylinders has a v

Question 16

what is ACIS

Answer 16

it helps pump more air into the engine so it can breath better

Question 17

VVTI

Answer 17

computerized system that optimizes breathing and valve opening and closing timing, the vvti adjusts based on speed to provide maxium benefit of the engine at different speeds.

Question 18

radiator purpose simply

Answer 18

help cool down the engine

Question 19

why the coils and large surface area of the radiator?

Answer 19

the surface area allows for greater cooling capacity

Question 20

crankshaft, how does it turn?

Answer 20

4 stroke engine, the pistons

Question 21

crankshaft, where does the twisting motion go?

Answer 21

the transmission, specifically the flywheel (which is connected to the clutch)

Question 22

what is the layshaft in transmission

Answer 22

the part below the transmission with different sized gears to drive the different speeds/power of the engine.

Question 23

What happens when the clutch is pressed and the pressure plate is moved away from…?

Answer 23

the hydraulics move the clutch against the rotating flywheel. the pressure plate also moves away from the clutch, disengaging the power from the engine.

Question 24

What happens when the clutch is released

Answer 24

the engine is engaged again.

Question 25

1st gear torque and speed

Answer 25

high torque, low speed…. high gear is low torque and high speed

Question 26

where does the spinning motion go after leaving the crankshaft?

Answer 26

transmission and then to differential then to wheels.

Question 27

transformer

Answer 27

change voltage and current levels

Question 28

overhead valve

Answer 28

I-head or pushrod
places camshaft just above the crankshaft
adv: compact, less complex
lim… lim rpm, have to take out the engine to mess with the camshaft, noisier

Question 29

in driving stick, what to do before breaking

Answer 29

clutch

Question 30

what to always start in driving stick

Answer 30

first gear