Functions of Skeletal System Flashcards
What are the 5 functions of the skeletal system
Support, Storage, Blood Cell Protection, Protection, and Movement
Define SUPPORT
Provides structural support for the entire body
Define STORAGE
Stores calcium and lipids; lipids serve as energy reserves and are stored in yellow marrow
Define BLOOD CELL PROTECTION
Red blood cells and white blood cells are produced in red marrow
Define PROTECTION
Ribs protect the heart and longs, the skull protects the brain, vertebrae protects the spinal cord, and the pelvis protects the digestive and reproductive organs
Define MOVEMENT
Bones allow for the movement of everything from a fingertip to the position of the entire body
Names the types of bone marking and surface features for specific processes
Trochanter, head, neck, condyle, trochlea, adnd facet
Define TROCHANTER (specific processes)
A large and rough projection
Define HEAD (specific processes)
Expanded proximal end of the bone that forms part of a joint
Define NECK (specific processes)
A narrow connection between the head of the bone and the diaphysis of the bone
Define Condyle (specific processes)
A smooth and rounded articular process
Define TROCHLEA (specific processes)
A smooth and grooved articular process shaped like a pulley
Define FACET (specific processes)
A small and flat articular surface
Define DEPRESSIONS
Indentations on bones
a. Allow blood vessels or nerves to lie alongside a bone
Define OPENINGS
Holes in bones
a. Allow blood vessels, nerves, or other organs to pass through a bone
Define PROCESSES
Elevations or bumps on bones
a. Allow fo the attachment of tendons and ligaments and form articulations (joints)
Name the types of bone markings and surface features for openings
Foramen, canal and sinus
Define FORAMEN
A small and rounded passageway through which blood vessels or nerves penetrate the bone
Define CANAL
A large passageway through the substance of a bone
Define SINUS
A chamber within a bone that is normally filled with air
What are the two divisions of the skeletal system
The Axial Skeleton and The Appendicular Skeleton
Define the Axial Skeleton and its parts
Includes the bones of the main vertical axis of the body (makes up 40% of the bones in the human body)
a. the skull and associated bones
b. the Thoracic cage
c. the vertebral column
Define the Appendicular skeleton and its parts
Includes the bones that are appended to the axial skeleton (makes up 60% of the bones in the human body)
a. the limbs (arms and legs)
b. the girdles (connect lims to truck)
Define ARTICULATIONS
they are joints
Name the types of articulations
Synarthrosis (suture), Amphiarthrosis and Diarthrosis
Define SYNARTHROSIS (suture)
An immovable joint
ex: sutures and sutural bone
Define AMPHIARTHROSIS
a slightly movable joint
ex: in between the vertebrae
Define DIARTHROSIS
a freely movable joint
ex: where the femur
