Functions

Question 1

A key element of structured (well organized and documented) programs is their
_____.

Answer 1

modularity

Question 2

modularity is the breaking of code into

Answer 2

small units.

Question 3

void functions do not ___

Answer 3

return a value

Question 4

The int main() section of our program is a function and, up until now, has been the only ___ used in our programs.

Answer 4

coded module

Question 5

We also have used _____such as pow and sqrt which are defined in library routines and “imported” to our program with the #include directive.

Answer 5

pre-defined functions

Question 6

We now explore the means of breaking our own code into modules. The main function
should contain little more than ____ to other functions.

Answer 6

“calls”

Question 7

Calling a function basically means starting the ____ contained in that module..

Answer 7

execution of the instructions

Question 8

Sometimes a function may need information _____ in order to perform designated tasks.

Answer 8

“passed”

Question 9

Information is passed to or from a function through __.

Answer 9

parameters.

Question 10

Parameters are the ___ between functions.

Answer 10

components of communication

Question 11

_______ printDescription(); // ____________

Answer 11

type functionname(); // Function prototype

Question 12

int main() 
{ 
cout << "Welcome to the Payroll Program." << endl; 
functionname(); // \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
return 0; 
}

Answer 12

functionname(); // Call to the function

Question 13

void printDescription() // The function heading
{
// \_\_\_\_ This function prints a program description
// \_\_\_\_\_ none
}

Answer 13

type functionname() // The function heading
// Task:
// Data in:

Question 14

The function heading void printDescription() consists of the _____ of the function preceded by the word _____.

Answer 14

name , void.

Question 15

The word void means that this function will not _____

Answer 15

return a value to the module that called it.

Question 16

void functionname() 
{
 Just like the main function, all functions begin with a \_\_\_\_ brace and end with a \_\_\_ brace. In between these braces are the \_\_\_\_\_ of the function. In this case they consist solely of cout statements that tell what the 
program does.
}

Answer 16

left, right, instructions

Question 17

This function is called by main with the simple instruction printDescription();.Notice the call consists only of the ___ of the function (not the word void ______ it) followed by the set of parentheses and a semicolon.

Answer 17

name, preceding,

Question 18

void calPaycheck(float, int);
                             parameters

calPaycheck(payRate, hours);
parameters
passed

void calPaycheck(float rate, int time)
                                parameters

Answer 18

// Function prototype

// Call to the calPaycheck function
pass parameters-They match in a one-to-one correspondence with the parameters in the function heading which are called rate and time:

// The function heading
// Task:
// Data in:

Question 19

Let us look at all three parts—prototype, call and heading:

1. The heading ____ have ____ data ____ and name for all its _____.

Answer 19

MUST, both, data type and name, parameters

Question 20

Let us look at all three parts—prototype, call and heading:

2. The prototype ___ have the data type and ____ have the name for its ____.

Answer 20

MUST, can, parameters

Question 21

Let us look at all three parts—prototype, call and heading:

3. The call ____ have the ____ but MUST ___ have the ____ type for its _____.

Answer 21

MUST, name, NOT, data , parameters

Question 22

void calPaycheck(float, int, float&);

Answer 22

// prototype for a function with 3 parameters.
// The first two are passed by value.
// The third is passed by reference.

Question 23

pass by value

calPaycheck(payRate, hours, grossPay); // Call to the calPaycheck function
etPay = grossPay - (grossPay * .20);

Answer 23

formal parameter has no effect

on its corresponding actual parameter

Question 24

passed by reference,

void calPaycheck(float rate, int time, float& gross)
{
gross = rate * time;
}

Answer 24

which means that the calling function will give the called function the location of its actual parameter instead of a copy of the value that is stored in that
location.

Question 25

The word ________ precedes the name of every function prototype and heading that does not return a value back to the calling routine.

Answer 25

void

Question 26

Pass by __________ indicates that a copy of the actual parameter is placed in the memory location of its corresponding formal parameter.

Answer 26

Value

Question 27

______ parameters are found in the call to a function.

Answer 27

formal

Question 28

A prototype must give the _______ of its formal

parameters and may give their ________.

Answer 28

data types, names

Question 29

A ________ after a data type in the function heading and in the prototype indicates that the parameter will be passed by reference.

Answer 29

&

Question 30

void Functions that do not return a value are often called in ______ other programming languages

Answer 30

procedures

Question 31

Pass by _____ indicates that the location of an actual parameter, rather than just a copy of its value, is passed to the called function.

Answer 31

Referance

Question 32

A call must have the ______ of its actual parameters and must NOT have the ______ of those parameters.

Answer 32

formal, data types

Question 33

refers to the region of a program where a variable is

“active.”

Answer 33

scope

Question 34

____ and _____parameters are found in the function heading.

Answer 34

data type and formal