functions Flashcards
eukaryotic cells
-have membrane bound nucleus
-most living organisms
cell membrane
outer part of the cell, double layer
cell wall
supports and protects the cell (mainly in animal cells, bacteria)
nucleus
directs cell activities, contains genetic materials
nuclear membrane
surrounds nucleus (made of 2 different layers)
different openings in the membrane allow materials to leave and enter the nucleus
chromosomes
in the nucleus, contains instructions for traits/characteristics
nucleolus
inside the nucleus, has rna to build proteins
cytoplasm
gel like mixture, surrounded by cell membrane, contains hereditary info
endoplasmic reticulum
moves material around the cell
smooth: lacks ribosomes
rough: ribosomes in the surface
ribosomes
makes proteins
floats through the cell
mitochondria
produces energy through chemical reactions, breaks down fats and carbs
-controls water levels
-recycles/decomposes proteins, fats, and carbs
golgi apparatus
move materials within/and out of the cell
(protein packaging plant)
lysosomes
digestive plant for proteins, fats, and carbs
transports undigested materials to the cell membrane
—> for removal
cell cannot survive without lysosomes
vacuoles
membrane bound sacs for storage, digestion, and waste removal
contains water solution
helps the plants maintain their shape
chloroplasts
found in plant cells
contains green chlorophyll
where photosynthesis normally takes place
cytoskeleton
gives cell its shape
offers support, facilitates movement through different parts
centrioles
helps cell division in animal cells
helps in the formation of fibers that separate chromosomes during cell division
cell wall
protective outer layer of the plant cell
gives cell more strength/structure and to filter molecules that pass in and out of the cell
cell membrane
protects the cell from its surroundings
controls movement of substances in and out of cells
vesicle
moves substances in and out of the cell
plastids
photosynthesis and production and storage of metabolites
