Functioning Systems Flashcards
What do all organisms need to do to maintain life?
Take in nutrients and water, exchange gases, remove waste, obtain energy, reproduce, grow
How do unicellular organisms maintain life?
Carrying out these essential processes within one cell
What have multicellular organisms given up?
Independence. Now each cell serves a specific function and exist in a network
What are the five levels of organisation in a multicellular organisms?
Specialised cells, tissues, organs, systems, organism
What are specialised cells?
Cells with a specific function with unique structural adaptations that enable them to carry out these functions
What are examples of specialised cells?
Muscle cells, red blood cells (animals), root hair and guard cells (plants)
What is a tissue?
Groups of similar specialised systems working together to carry out a particular function
What is an example of tissues in animals?
Muscle
What is an example of tissues in plants?
Root tissues
What are organs?
Consists of two or more tissues that work together to perform specialised tasks. Often has a distinct structure
What are examples of organs in animals?
Heart, liver, lungs
What are examples of organs in plants?
Flowers, leaves
What are systems?
Organs that work together to form an organ system. They perform a vital task
What is the vascular system in plants called?
Circulatory system
What is the purpose of the vascular system in plants?
Gather water, transports gases (CO2 and oxygen), transport nutrients