Functionalism and interactionism Flashcards
Who came up with FURI?
Durkheim
What are Durkheim two functions of crime?
- Boundary maintenance (members against wrong doer)
- Adaption and change
Who came up with safety valve (prostitution)
Davis
What did Davis say?
Safety valve, prostitution
Who came up with warning light?
Cohen
Who came up with strain theory
Merton
What did Merton say
Strain theory
What is strain theory?
Deviance is an adaption to the strain of achieving society’s shared goals eg American dream
What are the adaptions to strain
Conformity Innovation Ritualism Retreatism Rebellion
What are conformists attitudes
Want goal, achieve it legitimately
What are innovation peoples attitudes
Want goal, achieve it illegitimately
What are ritualism peoples attitudes
Reject goal, follow law
What are retreatist attitudes
Reject goal, illegal
What are rebellion peoples attitudes
Reject goal for new goal, illegal
Who came up with status frustration
Cohen
What did Ak Cohen say
Status frustration
What does strain focus on
Utilitarian crime
Individuals crime
What does deviance provide according to Cohen
Alternative status hierarchy
What did cloward and ohlin say
Three subcultures
Who came up with three subcultures
Cloward and ohlin
What are the three subcultures
Criminal
Conflict
Retreatist
What are subcultures a result of
Unequal access to illegitimate opportunities and legitimate opportunities
What did Becker say
An act or person only becomes deviant when labelled by others as deviant
who came up with typifications
Cicourel
What did cicourel say
Typifications (police affect WC who fit into stereotype)
What did cicourel say about crime stats
We cannot take them as face value, we should treat them as a topic for investigation of the process of which they are constructed
What is primary deviance
Acts that haven’t been publicly labelled
What is secondary deviance
Acts which have been publicly labelled
What did young study
Hippy marijuana users
What did Young’s study find
Police persecution of the hippies as junkies led them to retreat into closed groups and develop deviant subculture
Who studied hippies
Young
Who came up with folk devils and moral panics/mods and rockers
Cohen
What did cohens study find
Media began moral panic and marginalised mods and rockers as folk devils, causing more deviance
What did cohen study
Mods and rockers
What did Lemert say
Socially awkward individuals may be excluded from groups. Eg negative response to individual makes people think they are paranoid. “mental patient” label makes that their master status
(Think joker)
What did goffman say
Patients in psychiatric hospitals undergo a mortification of the self and their identity is killed off by degradation rituals
