Functionalism Flashcards
What are Durkheim’s 4 types of suicide
Altruistic
Anomic
Fatalistic
Egoistic
Define Anomic Suicide
Too little regulation, anomie, a state of anarchy.
No goals, stress change
No knowledge of how to deal with problems
Eg: after prison or army
Define Altruistic Suicide
Over-integration
Eg: suicide bomber, IS, kamikaze, integrated into army or religion thought of afterlife and reward
Define Fatalistic Suicide
Dying anyway ‘no way out’
Eg: death row, terminal illness, assassin coming for you
Define Egoistic Suicide
Isolated and alone
Not involved in society
Individuality
Parson’s Functional PreRequisites
Adaptations
Goal-Attainment
Integration
Latency
Expand on Parson’s concept of adaptation
- employment
- power
- shelter
- food/water
- necessities to function, adapt environment, operationalise it
Expand on Parson’s concept of goal attainment
- qualifications
- grades
- life skills
- personal targets
- government applied targets
Expand on Parson’s concept of integration
- involvement
- support
- keeping control
- socialisation and learning rules
- police, family, media, peers, religion
- formal and informal control
Expand on Parson’s concept of latency
- reinforce core values
- socialisation
- Norms and values
- shared identity
- coming together
Parson’s three systems for institutions to feature
Personality - beliefs, goals, values
Social - institutional expectations
Cultural - core values and shared history
Expand on Parson’s pattern variables
Affectivity vs neutrality
Specificity vs diffuseness
Universalism vs particularism
Explain universalism vs particularism
Application of general or specific social rules with people during interactions
Family-particularistic (priority treatment)
Strangers on street-universalistic
Explain specificity vs diffuseness
Act in regard to one interest or a number of interests
Roles-specific
Employer employee relationship
Boyfriend/girlfriend sees you in most social roles
Explain affectivity vs neutrality
Emotional or rational behavior
Emotional-family friends
Rational-employer stranger
Parson’s Functional PreRequisites
Adaptations
Goal-Attainment
Integration
Latency
Expand on Parson’s concept of adaptation
- employment
- power
- shelter
- food/water
- necessities to function, adapt environment, operationalise it
Expand on Parson’s concept of goal attainment
- qualifications
- grades
- life skills
- personal targets
- government applied targets
Expand on Parson’s concept of integration
- involvement
- support
- keeping control
- socialisation and learning rules
- police, family, media, peers, religion
- formal and informal control
Expand on Parson’s concept of latency
- reinforce core values
- socialisation
- Norms and values
- shared identity
- coming together
Parson’s three systems for institutions to feature
Personality - beliefs, goals, values
Social - institutional expectations
Cultural - core values and shared history
Parson’s Functional PreRequisites
Adaptations
Goal-Attainment
Integration
Latency
Expand on Parson’s concept of adaptation
- employment
- power
- shelter
- food/water
- necessities to function, adapt environment, operationalise it
Expand on Parson’s concept of goal attainment
- qualifications
- grades
- life skills
- personal targets
- government applied targets
Expand on Parson’s concept of integration
- involvement
- support
- keeping control
- socialisation and learning rules
- police, family, media, peers, religion
- formal and informal control
Expand on Parson’s concept of latency
- reinforce core values
- socialisation
- Norms and values
- shared identity
- coming together
Parson’s three systems for institutions to feature
Personality - beliefs, goals, values
Social - institutional expectations
Cultural - core values and shared history
Summarise Merton’s strain theory
Not everyone has value consensus
Believes Parson’s omitted motivation for material gain
Recognises difficulty faced by certain groups
Manifest functions-apparent functions
Latent functions-unintended functions
Assumption of indispensability
Functional unity
What are Durkheim’s 5 crucial factors explaining why people had become so unhappy in industrial capitalist society
- individualism
Introduction of individual choice in society resulting in claiming credit when things go well and self punishment if things don’t - excessive hope
Hard work leads to success lack of success means self blame
-too much freedom
Lack of societal interest in individuals and no answers - atheism
Religion provides community and relationships draws society around it
-weakening of the nation and of the family
Patriotism and belonging being part of something bigger than ourselves
