Functional Voice Disorders

Question 1

Name four characteristics of Functional Voice Disorders

Answer 1

tension, hyperfunction, larynx “riding high”, anxiety

Question 2

T or F

15% of dysphonia cases are due to Functional Voice Disorders

Answer 2

False

10%

Question 3

T or F

FVD (Functional Voice Disorders) happen predominantly in men

Answer 3

False

Occurs more often in women (because they are more stressed)

Question 4

What can cause a FVD?

Answer 4

URI (Upper Respiratory Infection)
Stressful/Traumatic event
Psychosocial (mood, anxiety, adjustment)
Organic
Idiopathic (not known cause)

Question 5

T or F

With the exception of ORGANIC CAUSES, NO structural pathology IS PRESENT unless an ORGANIC DISORDER DEVELOPS

Answer 5

TRUE

Question 6

Name some classifications of etiologies

Answer 6

• Psychogenic
• Misuse/Abuse (caused by hyperfunction):Excessive throat clearing,Excessive/inappropriate signing/performing
• Idiopathic
• Organic

Question 7

What are the 4 FVD?

Answer 7

-Puberphonia/Falsetto/Mutational falsetto
-Functional Aphonia
-Functional Dysphonia
Muscle Tension Dysphonia (MTD)- increase m.tension, ventricular compression/phonation, AP press. Organic-Nodules, polyps, laryngitis, reflux.
-Paradoxical VF Movement (PVFM)/PVCD/VCD

Question 8

Explain Muscle Tension Dysphonia (MTD)

Answer 8

Part of functional dysphonia,
- Increase m.tension more specifically excessive tension of laryngeal/extralaryngeal muscles (neck, shoulders) ,
- “Clavicular Breathing”/ “Chest Breathing”
- Increase vocal effort
- Vocal Fatigue
- Hyperfunction:
Ventricular compression/phonation,
Anterior Posterior pressure.
- Organic-Nodules, polyps, laryngitis, reflux.

Question 9

How can a person there be an organic etiology in FVD?

Answer 9

because the person may have an organic problem then they compensate and a FVD appears.

Question 10

What are the characteristics of Puberphonia?

Answer 10

• aka mutational falsetto
• Pitch control disorder: pitch too high, pitch breaks
• Typically male puberty
• Not due to anatomical immaturity of larynx
• Emotional stress
• Larynx “rides high”

Question 11

T or F

1 octave lower is normal development

Answer 11

True

Question 12

Puberphonia can be caused by _______ and/or ________

Answer 12

Psychogenic

Abuse

Question 13

The main characteristic of Functional Aphonia is _______________

Answer 13

whisper or shrill-sounding voice

Question 14

what are other characteristics of Functional Aphonia?

Answer 14

May be temporary or intermittent

Used to be termed “hysterical” syndrome and “conversion” symptom or “conversion hysteria”

Question 15

In Functional Aphonia_________% of cases coexist with psychiatric disorders.

Answer 15

80%

Question 16

MTD= clavicular breathing/chest breathing?

Answer 16

yes

Question 17

This FVD is sometimes misdiagnosed with asthma

Answer 17

Paradoxical VF Movement

Question 18

What does paradoxical mean?

Answer 18

Dr.C’s definition: working on the opposite way that it should
Dictionary definition: seemingly absurd or self-contradictory.

Question 19

All of these letters, PVFM, PVCD, VCD mean _________

Answer 19

Paradoxical VF Movement

Question 20

What are the etiologies of PVFM?

Answer 20

Psychogenic
LPR (LaryngoPharyngeal Reflux)
Neurological

Question 21

What are some of the symptoms present in PVFM?

Answer 21

Dyspnea (shortness of breath)
Inspiratory stridor (VF's adduct on inspiration)
May be exercise induce
May or may not have dysphonia
May have chronic cough