Functional Unit Of Kidney

Question 1

The kidney recieve …..of CO & all blood is filtered every….

Answer 1

25%
4 min

Question 2

Mention components of homeostatic function of kidney

Answer 2

1. Regulation of water & electrolyte conc (Na+, K+, HCO3-, Ca++, Mg++), maintaining ECF osmolarity is imp for cell volume preventing passage of water in or out of them thus preventing swelling or shrinkage, while maintaining volume is imp for ABP long-term regulation
2. Regulation of acid base balance by adjusting output of H+ and HCO3- this preventing pH changes

Question 3

Renal failure effect on electrolyte & pH is…..

Answer 3

Hyperkalemia & metabolic acidosis

Question 4

Erythropoietin is secreted from kidney in response to……

Answer 4

Hypoxia

Question 5

With respect prostaglandins produced by kidney……are VD while …..is VC

Answer 5

Prostacyclin (PGI2) & PGE2
Thrombaxane A2

Question 6

Loss of…..function can’t be compensated by dialysis

Answer 6

Endocrine

Question 7

Clearing function can be carried out by…..of kidney

Answer 7

1/4

Question 8

Compare aff & eff arterioles in cortical & juxtamedullary nephrons

Answer 8

C: A: have thick muscle wall, sensitive to VC by symp, have a role in autoregulation. E: form a network of peritubular capillaries that surround the entire tubular system
JM: A: have thin muscle wall, poorly sensitive to symp, no role in autoregulation
E: have a thick muscle wall that causes slow circulation in vasa recta form 2 kinds of vessels peritubular capillaries & vasa recta

Question 9

Compare cortical & juxtamedullary nephrons with respect JGA & main function

Answer 9

Cortical: present JGA, Na+ reabsorption
JM: absent, H2O reabsorption & conc of urine

Question 10

Mention components JGA & func of each

Answer 10

1. Macula densa cells: monitor composition of tubular fluid, they function as chemoreceptors & are sensitive to NaCl moving past them
2. Juxta-glomerular cells: their function is renin secretion, they function as internal baroreceptors respond to changes in pressure in afferent arteriole
3. Extraglomerular mesangial cells: they are a pathway for communication between macula densa & the two arterioles

Question 11

Mention functions of JGA

Answer 11

1. Renin formation & release
2. The juxtaglomerular apparatus is one component of the tubule-glomerular feedback mechanism that is involved in autoregulation of RBF & GFR