Functional Groups

Question 1

Ketone

Answer 1

R and R’ attached to a carbonyl carbon

Question 2

Aldehyde

Answer 2

R and H attached to the carbonyl carbon

Question 3

Carboxylic Acid

Answer 3

R and OH attached to the carbonyl

Question 4

Ester

Answer 4

R and OR’ attached to the carbonyl

Question 5

Carbonate

Answer 5

RO and OR’ attached to the carbonyl

Question 6

Amide

Answer 6

R and [N with R’ and R’’] attached to the center carbonyl

Question 7

Carbamate

Answer 7

RO and [N with R’ an R’’] attached to carbonyl

Question 8

Urea

Answer 8

[N with R and R’] and [N with R’’ and R’’’] attached to center carbonyl

Question 9

Lactone

Answer 9

One side of carbonyl is O and the other side connects the ring

Question 10

Lactam

Answer 10

One side is [N attached to R and the ring] and the other side connects the other end of the ring

Question 11

Amine

Answer 11

N with 3 R groups and a lone pair

Question 12

Ammonium

Answer 12

3 R groups, a hydrogen, N is (+)

Question 13

Quaternary Ammonium

Answer 13

N+ with 4 R groups

Question 14

Nitro

Answer 14

NO2; N+ with R, 2 resonant O’s

Question 15

Nitrile

Answer 15

N: triple bonded to C which is bonded to R

Question 16

Imine

Answer 16

:N bonded to R and CR2 (one pi bond to C and one lone pair)

Question 17

Amidine

Answer 17

Two :N around a central carbon (with an R group)

One side the N has a π bond to the carbon and one R group

The other N has a σ bond and 2 R groups

Question 18

Guanidine

Answer 18

3 :N around a central Carbon

One has a π bond and an R group

The other two have σ bonds and 2 R groups each

Question 19

Imide

Answer 19

A central :N with 3 groups

2 of the groups are carbonyls with an R group on the other side

The third group is just an R

Question 20

N-acylsulfonamide

Answer 20

A central :N with 3 Groups

One is a carbonyl with an R group on the other side

One is a S with 2 O’s and an R

One is an R group

Question 21

Thiol

Answer 21

(Mercaptan)

S has an R, an H, and 2 lone pairs

Question 22

Sulfide

Answer 22

(Thioether)

S has 2 R groups and 2 lone pairs

Question 23

Sulfoxide

Answer 23

S has 2 R groups, a double bonded O, and a lone pair

Question 24

Sulfone

Answer 24

S with 2 R groups and 2 double bonded oxygens

Question 25

Sulfonic Acid

Answer 25

S with an R, an OH, and 2 oxygens

Question 26

Sulfonate

Answer 26

S with R, an OR, and 2 double bonded O’s

Question 27

Sulfate

Answer 27

S with 2 ORs and 2 double bonded O’s

Question 28

Sulfonamide

Answer 28

S with R, NRR, and 2 double bonded oxygens

Question 29

Alcohol

Answer 29

R with OH

Question 30

Phenol

Answer 30

Aryl with OH

Question 31

Enol

Answer 31

C double bonded to C with OH

Question 32

Ether

Answer 32

R - O - R’

Question 33

Flouro, Chloro, and Bromo

Answer 33

R-X

Question 34

Tri-flouromethyl

Answer 34

R bonded to C-F3

Question 35

Phenyl

Answer 35

Aromatic ring bonded to R

Question 36

Benzyl

Answer 36

R-Ch2-Aromatic Ring