Functional Groups

Question 1

Alkanes

Answer 1

Only Carbons and Hydrogens

Question 2

Haloalkanes

Answer 2

R — (F,Cl,Br, or I)(6 lone electrons)

Question 3

Alcohols

Answer 3

..
R—OH
..

Question 4

Ethers

Answer 4

..
R—O—R
..

Question 5

Thiols (Thio alcohol)

Answer 5

..
R—SH
..

Question 6

Alkenes

Answer 6

Double bonded Carbons

Question 7

Alkynes

Answer 7

Triple Bonded Carbons

Question 8

Aromatic Compounds

Answer 8

Ring of six Carbons with every other double bond

Question 9

Aldehydes

Answer 9

:O:
II
R—C—H

Question 10

Ketones

Answer 10

:O:
II
R—C—R
(Middle of the chain)

Question 11

Carboxylic Acids

Answer 11

:O:
II ..
R—C—O:—H

Question 12

Anhydrides

Answer 12

:O: :O:
II .. ll
R—C—O—C—H
..

Question 13

Esters

Sub carboxylic acids

Answer 13

:O:
II ..
R—C—O—R
..

Question 14

Amides

Sub carboxylic acids

Answer 14

\:O:
       II     ..
R—C—N—R
              I
             R

Question 15

Nitriles

Answer 15

R—C≡N:

Question 16

Amines

Answer 16

..
R—N—R
I
R

Question 17

Benzene

Answer 17

Double bonded ring, C6H6

Question 18

Phenol (Carbolic acid)

Answer 18

Aromatic ring — OH

Question 19

Carbonyl

Answer 19

:O:
II
R—C—R
(The functional group)

Question 20

Oxirane (epoxide)

Answer 20

-:O:-

R- C—C -R

Question 21

Nitro

Answer 21

+ -
R — NO2

(Delocalized negative charge indicative of resonance on the Oxygens)