Functional Groups

Question 1

Alcohol

Answer 1

A compound containing a hydroxy (OH) group banded to an sp3-hybridized carbon atom

An alcohol is classified as primary (1), secondary (2), or tertiary (3) depending on now many carbons the carbon bonded to the OH is attached to

Question 2

Phenol

Answer 2

A compound containing a hydroxy (OH) group bonded to an aromatic ring

Question 3

Ether

Answer 3

A compound containing an alkoxy group bonded to an alkyl group

Question 4

Aldehyde

Answer 4

A compound containing a carbonyl (C- -O) between one H atom and one alkyl group or between two H atoms

Question 5

Ketone

Answer 5

A compound containing a carbonyl (C- -O) group between two alkyl groups

Question 6

Carboxylic acid

Answer 6

A compound that contains a carboxy (carbonyl + hydroxy) group (COOH) bonded to alkyl group or H atom.

Question 7

Ester

Answer 7

A compound containing a carbonyl (C=O) group between an alkoxy (OR) group and an alkyl group or H atom.

Question 8

Amine

Answer 8

A compound that contains anamino group (nitrogen atom is bonded to 0, 1, or 2 alkyl groups) bonded to an alkyl group

Amines are classified as 1°, 2°, or 3° depending on the number of carbon atoms bonded directly to the nitrogen atom

Question 9

Amide

Answer 9

A compound containing a carbonyl (C=O) group between an amino group and an alkyl group or an H atom

Amides are classified as 1°, 2°, or 3° depending on the number of carbon atoms bonded directly to the nitrogen atom

Question 10

Alkane

Answer 10

A compound containing only C–C s bonds and no functional group

Question 11

Alkene

Answer 11

A compound containing a carbon double bonded to another carbon (1 s and 1 p bond); C=C double bond

Question 12

Alkyne

Answer 12

A compound containing a carbon triply bonded to another carbon (1 s and 2 p bonds); CoC triple bond