Functional groups

Question 1

What is the Lipinski Rule of 5?

Answer 1

For good oral bioavailability:
1. Less than 5 hydrogen bond donors
2. Less than 10 hydrogen bond acceptors (O + N)
3. Molecular weight should be less than 500
4. LogP is less than 5

Question 2

What is a bronsted lowry acid?

Answer 2

A substance that donates a proton to a base

Question 3

What is a bronsted lowry base?

Answer 3

A substance that accepts a proton from an acid

Question 4

What is a lewis acid?

Answer 4

electron acceptor

Question 5

What is a lewis base?

Answer 5

electron donor

Question 6

What are tautomeric structures?

Answer 6

A form of isomerism in which a compound exists in an equilibrium between 2 or more labile isomeric forms called tautomers.

Question 7

Are tautomers the same as resonance structures?

Answer 7

No.

Question 8

How does Hammett values indicate whether a group is electron donating or electron withdrawing?

Answer 8

1. A negative value indicates an electron donating group
2. A positive value indicates an electron withdrawing group

Question 9

Are halogen groups electron withdrawing or electron donating?

Answer 9

1. Electron donating by resonance effect
2. Electron withdrawing by inductive effect
3. Overall effect is electron withdrawing

Question 10

Are hydroxy groups electron withdrawing or electron donating?

Answer 10

1. Electron donating by resonance effect
2. Electron withdrawing by inductive effect