Functional Groups

Question 1

amine

Answer 1

RNH2, R2NH, R3N; can also add Hs and put pos charge on N; -N (amino group)

Question 2

alcohol

Answer 2

ROH; -OH (hydroxyl group)

Question 3

thiol

Answer 3

RSH; -SH (sulfhydryl group)

Question 4

ether

Answer 4

ROR; -o- (ether linkage)

Question 5

aldehyde

Answer 5

R-C(=O)-H (carbonyl group)

Question 6

ketone

Answer 6

R-C(=O)-R (carbonyl group)

Question 7

carboxylic acid

Answer 7

R-C(=O)-OH (carboxylate if COO-) (carboxyl or carboxylate group)

Question 8

ester

Answer 8

R-C(=O)-OR (ester linkage/acyl group)

Question 9

thioester

Answer 9

R-C(=O)-S (thioester linkage/acyl group)

Question 10

amide

Answer 10

R-C(=O)-NH2/NHR/NR2 (amido group/acyl group)

Question 11

imine/schiff base

Answer 11

R=NH/NR (can also add H, make N pos) imino group

Question 12

disulfide

Answer 12

R-S-S-R

Question 13

phosphate ester

Answer 13

R-O-P-O- with =O and -OH on P (does not translate well into words) (phosphoryl group)

Question 14

diphosphate ester

Answer 14

R-O-P-O-P-O- (with =O and -OH/O- on the Ps) phosphoanhydride group

Question 15

phosphate diester

Answer 15

R-O-P-O-R (with =O and –O- on P) phosphodiester linkage; different from phosphoanhydride group