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Chemistry Functional Groups Map > Functional Group Map > Flashcards

Functional Group Map Flashcards

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1
Q

Alcohol - aldehyde

A

Primary alcohol, acidified potassium dichromate(VI), distillation (orange to green)
Oxidation

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2
Q

Alcohol - ketone

A

Secondary alcohol, acidified potassium dichromate(VI), reflux (orange to green)
Oxidation

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3
Q

Alcohol - carboxylic acid

A

Primary alcohol, acidified potassium dichromate(VI), reflux (orange to green)
Primary alcohol - aldehyde - carboxylic acid
Oxidation

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4
Q

Carbonyl - Cyanohydrin

A

HCN (aq)

Nucleophilic addition

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5
Q

Acid anhydride - ester

A

Anhydrous alcohol/phenol (acid anhydride is v reactive)
Reflux
Esterification (condensation)

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6
Q

Carboxylic acid - ester

A

Alcohol, conc. H2SO4 (sulphuric acid), reflux
Esterification (condensation)
Sulphuric acid is a drying agent as it is hygroscopic so it absorbs water and pushed equilibrium further to the right

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7
Q

Ester - carboxylic acid

A

Dilute HCl/NaOH, reflux

Hydrolysis

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8
Q

Acyl chloride - ester

A

Alcohol/phenol, room temperature
Acyl chlorides are v v reactive
Esterification (condensation)

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9
Q

Acyl chloride - primary amide

A

Concentrated ammonia, room temperature

Condensation

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10
Q

Acyl chloride - secondary amide

A

Amine, reflux

Condensation

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11
Q

Amide - carboxylic acid

A

Dilute HCl, reflux

Hydrolysis

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12
Q

Amide - amine

A

Dilute NaOH, reflux

Hydrolysis

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13
Q

Alkene - alkane

A
  1. Nickel catalyst, 150degrees, 5atm
  2. Platinum catalyst, room temperature
    Addition (hydrogenation)
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14
Q

Alkene - alcohol

A
  1. Conc. phosphoric acid (H3PO4), steam, 300degrees, 60atm
  2. Conc. H2SO4, water, warm up
    Addition
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15
Q

Alkene - halogenoalkane (single Br)

A

HBr (aq), room temperature (20degrees)

Addition

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16
Q

Alkene - halogenoalkane (2 Br groups)

A

Br2 in organic solvent, room temperature

Addition

17
Q

Alkene - halogenoalkane with a hydroxyl group

A

Br2 (aq), room temperature

Addition

18
Q

Alcohol - alkene

A
  1. AlO3 catalyst, 300degrees
  2. Conc. H2SO4, reflux
    Elimination
19
Q

Alkane - halogenoalkane

A

UV light

Radical substitution

20
Q

Halogenoalkane - alcohol

A

NaOH (aq), reflux

Substitution

21
Q

Halogenoalkane - nitrile

A

KCN/NaCN (aq), reflux

Substitution

22
Q

Halogenoalkane - amine

A

Conc. ammonia in a sealed tube

Chemistry Functional Groups Map (5 decks)

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