Functional Disorders of the Dentition and Other Signs and Symptoms

Question 1

___ is an unusual degree of movement of a tooth within its bony socket

Answer 1

mobility

Question 2

how does periodontal disease contribute to mobility?

Answer 2

loss of bony support

Question 3

T or F:
heavy occlusal forces cause cellular breakdown within the periodontal ligament space surrounding the root, creating apical migration of the epithelial attachment of the gingiva

Answer 3

false

does not create apical migration of the epithelial attachment of the gingiva

Question 4

do heavy occlusal forces cause permanent alteration in the gingival attachment or supportive structures of the tooth?

Answer 4

no

Question 5

what does primary traumatic occlusion cause?

Answer 5

mobility resulting from unusually heavy occlusal forces

Question 6

what acts as support for primary traumatic occlusion?

Answer 6

normal periodontal supportive structure

Question 7

when is primary traumatic occlusion reversible?

Answer 7

when heavy occlusal forces are eliminated

Question 8

what is secondary traumatic occlusion caused by?

Answer 8

unusually heavy occlusal forces acting on already weakened periodontal supportive structures

Question 9

T or F:

periodontal disease is already present in primary traumatic occlusion

Answer 9

false

it is present in secondary traumatic occlusion

Question 10

what are mandibular tori thought to be associated with?

Answer 10

originally thought to be associated with heavy loading of the teeth, or interplay between genetic factors and environmental conditions

Question 11

describe pulpitis when the etiology is due to heavy occlusal forces

Answer 11

• complaints of hot or cold sensitivity, usually of short duration, reversible but can become irreversible
• rule out caries and recent dental procedures

Question 12

tooth wear is seen in up to ___% of general dental patients

Answer 12

95%

Question 13

tooth wear is predominantly a result of ___

Answer 13

parafunctional activity

Question 14

tooth wear often matches to eccentric positions assumed during ___

Answer 14

nocturnal bruxism

Question 15

T or F:

tooth wear is normally asymptomatic

Answer 15

true

Question 16

T or F:

there is strong evidence that tooth wear is associated with TMD

Answer 16

false

Question 17

there is some thought that tooth wear is associated with infringement of the ___ during mastication

Answer 17

functional envelope of motion

Question 18

T or F:

primary headache is an actual disorder

Answer 18

true

Question 19

what are 3 causes of primary headaches?

Answer 19

• migraine (neurovascular pain)
• tension-type (origin in muscle tissues)
• trigeminal autonomic cephalgia

Question 20

tension-type headaches make up ___% of all headaches

Answer 20

80%

Question 21

T or F:

secondary headache is an actual disorder

Answer 21

false - they are caused by another disorder

Question 22

___ headache is a common symptom associated with TMD

Answer 22

secondary

Question 23

T or F:

various treatments can significantly decrease secondary headache pain

Answer 23

true

Question 24

what are 4 terms that describe migraines?

Answer 24

severe, pulsating, unilateral, debilitating

Question 25

migraines are described as ___

Answer 25

neurogenic inflammation of the cerebral vessels

Question 26

T or F:

migraines appear to have a genetic component, with men affected more than women

Answer 26

false

while migraines appear to have a genetic factors, women are actually more affected than men

Question 27

what are 3 symptoms of migraines?

Answer 27

nausea, photophobia, and phonophobia

Question 28

what is the typical duration of migraines?

Answer 28

4-72 hours

Question 29

migraines are often relieved by ___

Answer 29

sleep

Question 30

migraines are preceded by ___, about how long before the migraine begins?

Answer 30

aura, about 5-15 minutes before the pain begins

Question 31

what is the luminous phenomena associated with migraines?

Answer 31

flashes, sparks, or zigzags (teichopsia)

Question 32

T or F:

migraines are a triggering mechanism from TMD pain

Answer 32

true

Question 33

can successful treatment for TMD pain reduce frequency of migraine attacks? is it a true cure?

Answer 33

yes, it can reduce the frequency, but it is NOT a cure

Question 34

what is the cure for migraines?

Answer 34

although successful treatment of TMD can reduce the frequency of migraines, medical treatment (prescription and education) is required to cure it

Question 35

tention-type headaches are a ___, ___, ___ pain

Answer 35

constant, steady, aching pain

Question 36

are tension-type headaches usually debilitating?

Answer 36

no - patients report they can perform daily activities

Question 37

T or F:

tension-type headaches are bilateral, and migraines are unilateral

Answer 37

true

Question 38

T or F:

it is common for tension-type headaches to be accompanied by auras and nausea

Answer 38

false

Question 39

T or F:

myofascial pain/trigger point pain headaches are tension-type headaches of myofascial pain origin, and are heterotopic

Answer 39

true

Question 40

otologic symptoms of TMJ pain present as ___

Answer 40

ear pain perceived more posteriorly

Question 41

describe “fullness or stuffiness” associated with otologic symptoms of TMJ pain

Answer 41

eustachain tube and tensor veli palatini failure to equalize air pressure

Question 42

T or F:

otologic symptoms of TMJ pain can be due to tensor tympani malfunction

Answer 42

true

Question 43

describe the relationship between tinnitus/vertigo and TMJ pain

Answer 43

• altered hearing as a result of protective co-contraction
• innervation of the 5th cranial nerve (trigeminal nerve) can be associated through central excitatory effects
• TMD therapy may reduce otologic symptoms