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INTRO TO PT > FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT > Flashcards

FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT Flashcards

1
Q

Function

A

characteristic action of body parts
characteristic performance of an individual
refers to all body functions, activities, and participation (WHO-ICF)

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2
Q

Impairment

A

body function is implicated in a condition

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3
Q

Goal of Any Rehabilitation Program

A

restore the highest level of physical, vocational, and social functions

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4
Q

ADLs

A

eating
bathing
dressing
transferring
toileting
walking/ moving around

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5
Q

2 Kinds of Assessment

A

Direct Assessment: physical body functions of the pt
Indirect Assessment: vocational and social functions of the pt

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6
Q

Functional Assessment

A

task analysis
take note of the difficulties, complaints, compensation
should be performed even if the pt is unconscious
ocular inspection
give minimal cues
observation of certain patient activities
evaluation of effects of injury on ADLs
highest level of function

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7
Q

Importance

A

for goal setting
establishing what is important and pt’s expectations
determine effect of condition or injury
indicators of initial abilities and progression
criteria for decision on admission and discharge
evidence of treatment effectiveness

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8
Q

3 Main Categories of Function

A

physical
psychological
social

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9
Q

Physical Function

A

basic ADLS
instrumental ADLs

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10
Q

Psychological Function

A

indirectly assessed by PT
observed and referred to another HCP
mental function
affective function

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11
Q

What do PT’s Assess?

A

ADLs
instrumental ADLs
work activities
sports and recreational activities

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12
Q

Level of Assistance

A

maximum assistance
moderate assistance
minimum assistance
stand by assist
independent
- modified independence

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13
Q

Kinds of Guarding

A

contact guard assist
close guarding

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14
Q

Maximum Assistance

A

PT does 70% of the movement
therapist applies 3 or more points of contact

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15
Q

Moderate Assistance

A

PT does 50% of the movement
therapist applies 2 points of contact

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16
Q

Minimum Assistance

A

PT does 25% of the movement
therapist applies 1 point of contact

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17
Q

Stand By Assist

A

no contact but PT is not comfortable leaving the pt
PT is ready to assist
arm’s length; farther from pt

18
Q

Independent

A

no SBA
no assistance
pt can independently execute the task

19
Q

Points of Contact

A

contact on the body should give assistance to the pt

20
Q

Modified Independence

A

assistance from furniture

21
Q

Contact Guard Assist

A

contact but only mainly stabilizes pt

22
Q

Close Guarding

A

no contact but very close to the Pt

23
Q

2 Types of Balance

A

static: stationary/ maintain posture
dynamic: movement

24
Q

Balance Grading for Stationary

A

4: Normal (steady, no handhold support, no swaying)
3: Good (no support, limited postural sway)
2: Fair (with handhold support; occasional minimal assist, more swaying)
1: Poor (with handheld support; moderate to maximum assist; cannot stand alone)
0: Absent (unable to maintain balance)

25
Q

Balance Grading for Dynamic

A

4: Normal (max challenge; shift easily w/ full range in all directions)
3: Good (mod challenge, maintain balance while picking object from floor)
2: Fair (min challenge; maintain balance while turning head/ trunk)
1: Poor (unable to accept challenge or move w/o loss of balance)
0: Absent (unable to maintain balance)

26
Q

Balance is an Impairment

A

true, but is placed under FA

27
Q

Functional Assessment Documentation Contents

A

difficulty of performance (min, mod, max)
observation of compensation/ complications
assistance (max, mod, min, indep, modified indep)
SBA/ CGA/ CG
balance grading (standing and dynamic; N, G, F, P, A)

28
Q

Outcome Measures

A

objective tests to determine baseline function of a pt at the beginning of the treatment and determine progress and treatment efficacy once commenced

29
Q

Types of instruments

A

Performance based
- 5x STS
- Timed Up and Go Test (TUG)
- Step Test
- 2 Minute Walk Test
Self Assessment
- ODI
- NDI
- LEFS
- DASH

30
Q

Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire/ Oswestry Disability Index (ODI)

A

for lower back pain
higher the score more disabled
MDC= 90% confidence; 10% points
FA > OMT > NDI = 42% (severe disability)

31
Q

Neck Disability Index (NDI)

A

for upper back pain
higher the score, more disabled
MDC= 90% confidence; 10% points
FA> OMT> NDI> 42% (severe disability)

32
Q

Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS)

A

for LE
higher the score, more independent
no standard interpretation
FA> OMT> LEFS> 34/80

33
Q

Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and the Hands (DASH)

A

higher the score, more disabled
additional optional work module, sports/ performing arts module
no standard interpretation
score cannot be calculated if there are greater than 3 unanswered items
FA> OMT> DASH= 48.33
> DASH (Work Module)= 50

34
Q

Psychometric Properties

A

validity
reliability
responsiveness to change
clinical utility

35
Q

Validity

A

is the test measuring what it’s supposed to measure
results satisfy the objectives

36
Q

Reliability

A

inter rater
intra rater
test-retest

37
Q

Responsiveness to Change

A

ceiling and floor effects: ceiling= score s too high, floor= too low (did not reflect difficulty/ not appropriate)
SEM: standard error of measurement (differences in test re test does not signify maximum change)
MDC: minimal detectable change (significant statistical change but pt does not feel it, real but unimportant change)
MCID: minimal clinically important difference (significant statistical change supported by pt’s perception of change)

38
Q

Clinical Utility

A

are there outcome measurements that your facility requires you to do?
how much time do you have to administer outcome measures?
do you have the equipment needed to use the outcome measures?

39
Q

Guidelines for OMT

A

select an instrument with known reliability, validity, and sensitivity to change
(research)
administer the instrument on intake, reassessment, and upon discharge, and know the suggested time frame for repeat administration
(so you can see the progress of the patient)
be familiar with the scoring procedure for the instrument
(some inaallow yung questions na blank, some will consider it as void. Understand the instructions)
complete the scoring
understand the clinical meaning of the range of scores
be familiar with the MDC and MCID for the scale
establish a treatment goal for change of the HRQL score that is greater than the MDC or MCID for the instrument, if these are known

40
Q

Testing Frequency

A

in patient: 2x within 3 days of admission and within 3 days of discharge
outpatient: admission and every month

41
Q

Computation for Scores ODI and NDI

A

each section= 5 points (subtract if there is/are unanswered section/s)

add scores / total number of section x 100

42
Q

Computation of Scores for DASH

A

[(sum of responses/ n)- 1] x 25
n= num of completed responses

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