Functional aspects of ANS Flashcards
What are the dopamine receptors?
D1-D5
What are the cholinergic receptors?
Muscarinic. M1,3,5, are Gq, M2,4 are Gi
Nicotinic Nm and Nn
What are the adrenergic receptors
a1,2, B1,2,3
How is acetylcholine degraded?
quickly by acetylcholine esterase and reuptake by autoreceptors
How does botox work?
in interferes with VAMPs and SNAPs in the release of Ach
What is the role of heteroreceptors in cholinergic neurons?
these are receptors for cotransmitters ATP and P. They function in modulation
Muscarinic receptors are ____tropic.
metabotropic- this means that they function through a secondary messenger (G)
What cholinergic metabotropic receptors are inhibitory and what are activating?
M1,3,5 are Gq coupled–> activate by increasing calcium
M2,4 are Gi coupled–> inhibit
What do cocaine and tricyclic antidepressants do to NE response?
exaggerate it by inhibiting reuptake
How does reserpine affect NE response?
inhibits packaging, so decreased
Compare and contrast the affinity of NE and EPI for their receptors.
Both have equal affinity for a1 and a2. Epi has equal affinity for B1 and B2. NE has greater affinity for B1.
T or F, Cotransmittors have inhibitory effects.
False, they have both inhibitory and excitatory effects
What 2 enzymes are important regarding the biosynthetic and degradation pathways for NE?
COMT, MAO
How is pheochromocytome diagnosed? What is this disease?
Elevated metanephrine and vanillymandelic acid in urine; excess catecholamines
What happens if you give a MAO inhibitor?
Can’t break down tyramine.
What is tachyphylaxis? How does this happen with BB
Chronic administration of a drug can cause down regulation/desenstization. Accumulation of B-arrestins due to receptor binding takes in receptors and decreases drug effectivness.
What pancreas related off target effect results from taking BB?
hypoglycemia. and mask counter-regulatory effects and signs of hypoglycemia. This is typically with T1D.
What does a2 activation do to insulin secretion?
decreases
What does b2 activation do to insulin secretion?
increases
What happens to insulin sensitivity when you take BB?
decreases
What do non-selective BB do to lipid profile?
decrease HDL-C and increase TG. B receptors normally mediate activation of HSL.
What are off target effects associated with a1 receptor?
orthostatic hypotension, relieve BPH symptoms, sexual dysfunction, persistent priaprism.
What do exogenous muscarinic agonsits do to blood vessels?
release of NO, vasodilate
What are NO and sildenafil contraindicated?
NO increase cGMP and sil prevents degradation of cGMP, so you have way too much cGMP
