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Functional Appliances > Functional Appliances > Flashcards

Functional Appliances Flashcards

1
Q

What are orthodontic treatment options?

A

Removable appliance
Fixed appliance
Ortho gnat hi surgery
Growth modification

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2
Q

What is the intra membranous. Growth in facial bone formation

A

Mesenchymal cells differentiate into osteoblasts which undergo calcification to form bone. This occurs in the maxilla and mandible (except condylar cartilage)

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3
Q

Endochondralprocess of bone formation

A

Cartilage cells undergo hypertrophy forming a calcified matrix which forms osteogenic invasionleading to cone. This occurs for the condylar cartilage and the nasal septal cartilage

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4
Q

Describe the process of the growth of the mandible

A

Area of condensation above ventral part of developing mandible
Develops in cone shaped cartilage
Mirages inferior and fuses with mandibular ramus
Cone shaped cartilage is replaced by bone but upper end persists acting as growth cartilage

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5
Q

In the development of the maxilla what is remodelling?

A

Process involving deposition and resorption occurring on opposite ends
Progressively change the size of the whole bone
Sequentially relocate each component of the whole bone

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6
Q

What are some of the nasomaxillary complex structures?

A

Zygomatico-frontal
Fro to-maxillary
Nano-maxillary
Zygomatico-temporal
Pastor-maxillary

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7
Q

What happens in class II maxillary excess?

A

Lowering of the palatal plane
Supra eruption of dentition

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8
Q

What is treatment for maxillary excess?

A

Headgear

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9
Q

What is the problem with class III maxillary deficiency?

A

Reduced lowering of the palatal plane
Overclosin of the mandible

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10
Q

What sit he treatment for class III maxillary deficiency?

A

Face mask- rotation of the mandible downwards and backwards

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11
Q

What is the definition of of.a functional appliance??

A

An appliance that utilises or redirects the forces of mastcatory and or the circum-oral muscles to produce or permit tooth movement and may modify facial growth

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12
Q

What are the types of functional appliance?

A

Anderson
Twin block
Franker
Bass
Herbs
And others

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13
Q

What functional appliance is this?

A

A resin activator

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14
Q

What functional appliance is this?

A

Halter bionator

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15
Q

Check PowerPoint for the images for context

A
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16
Q

How do functional appliances work?

A

Stretch the muscles of mastication
Posture the mandible
Differential tooth eruption

17
Q

What are the skeletal effects of functional appliances?

A

Causes forward displacement of the mandible
Places a backwards force on the maxillary arch
Accelerate condylar growth
Redirects condylarredirects condylar growth

18
Q

What are the dentoalveolar effects of functional appliances?

A

Retracts the upper teeth
Pro lines the lower teeth
Different rates of tooth eruption

19
Q

North Caroline study

A

Functiona appliances reduce slightl moremandible growth
Reduce the need for orthognthic surgery
Headgear reduces maxillary growth
Shorter time with fixed but longer overall treatment time

20
Q

What activcoponent is incorporated into the upper part of the twin block appliance?

A

Inclined posterior bitelocks
Not sure if they are always needed

21
Q

What management is needed for two blocks?

A

Bite registration
Instruction to patients
Cooperaton

22
Q

Are functional appliances really effective?

A

Best chance of success is to limit functional appliance treatment to patints who present with following parameters….

23
Q

What patients should get a functional appliance?

A

Mild to moderate increase in overjet
Increase in overbite
Active facial growth
Willingness to comply with

24
Q

What are he indications for a functional appliance?

A

Motivated patient
Pre adolescent growth phase
Skeletal discrepencymild to moderate
Increase overjet/overbite oil class II
Prclined maxillary incisors if class II
Well aligned arches

25
Q

Wha are the contraindications?

A

Poor motivation
>14
Poor dental health
Condylar disease e.g. juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
Proclined lower incisos

26
Q

What are the advantages of a functional appliance?

A

Removable so easy to clean
May avoid extractions if good response to treatment in borderline cases
Accelerates skeletal growth
Reduces incidence of trauma
Early treatment
Economical
Less damage to tooth tissue

27
Q

Why is there less damage to tooth tissue

A

Less root resorption
Lesss chance of decalcification
Less effect on bone levels

28
Q

What are the disadvantages of a functional appliance?

A

Compliance due to the bulkiness, speech and soft tissue trauma
Lack of detailed tooth movements
Candidiasis with removable appliances - use of inhalers

29
Q

What is the case selection for a functional appliance only?

A

Skeletal class II CASES WITH ALIGNED ARCHES

30
Q

What is the case selection for functional appliance and fixed

A

Skeletal class II cases plus irregularity or crowding

Functional Appliances (1 decks)

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