Functional Appliances Flashcards
What are orthodontic treatment options?
Removable appliance
Fixed appliance
Ortho gnat hi surgery
Growth modification
What is the intra membranous. Growth in facial bone formation
Mesenchymal cells differentiate into osteoblasts which undergo calcification to form bone. This occurs in the maxilla and mandible (except condylar cartilage)
Endochondralprocess of bone formation
Cartilage cells undergo hypertrophy forming a calcified matrix which forms osteogenic invasionleading to cone. This occurs for the condylar cartilage and the nasal septal cartilage
Describe the process of the growth of the mandible
Area of condensation above ventral part of developing mandible
Develops in cone shaped cartilage
Mirages inferior and fuses with mandibular ramus
Cone shaped cartilage is replaced by bone but upper end persists acting as growth cartilage
In the development of the maxilla what is remodelling?
Process involving deposition and resorption occurring on opposite ends
Progressively change the size of the whole bone
Sequentially relocate each component of the whole bone
What are some of the nasomaxillary complex structures?
Zygomatico-frontal
Fro to-maxillary
Nano-maxillary
Zygomatico-temporal
Pastor-maxillary
What happens in class II maxillary excess?
Lowering of the palatal plane
Supra eruption of dentition
What is treatment for maxillary excess?
Headgear
What is the problem with class III maxillary deficiency?
Reduced lowering of the palatal plane
Overclosin of the mandible
What sit he treatment for class III maxillary deficiency?
Face mask- rotation of the mandible downwards and backwards
What is the definition of of.a functional appliance??
An appliance that utilises or redirects the forces of mastcatory and or the circum-oral muscles to produce or permit tooth movement and may modify facial growth
What are the types of functional appliance?
Anderson
Twin block
Franker
Bass
Herbs
And others
What functional appliance is this?
A resin activator
What functional appliance is this?
Halter bionator
Check PowerPoint for the images for context
How do functional appliances work?
Stretch the muscles of mastication
Posture the mandible
Differential tooth eruption
What are the skeletal effects of functional appliances?
Causes forward displacement of the mandible
Places a backwards force on the maxillary arch
Accelerate condylar growth
Redirects condylarredirects condylar growth
What are the dentoalveolar effects of functional appliances?
Retracts the upper teeth
Pro lines the lower teeth
Different rates of tooth eruption
North Caroline study
Functiona appliances reduce slightl moremandible growth
Reduce the need for orthognthic surgery
Headgear reduces maxillary growth
Shorter time with fixed but longer overall treatment time
What activcoponent is incorporated into the upper part of the twin block appliance?
Inclined posterior bitelocks
Not sure if they are always needed
What management is needed for two blocks?
Bite registration
Instruction to patients
Cooperaton
Are functional appliances really effective?
Best chance of success is to limit functional appliance treatment to patints who present with following parameters….
What patients should get a functional appliance?
Mild to moderate increase in overjet
Increase in overbite
Active facial growth
Willingness to comply with
What are he indications for a functional appliance?
Motivated patient
Pre adolescent growth phase
Skeletal discrepencymild to moderate
Increase overjet/overbite oil class II
Prclined maxillary incisors if class II
Well aligned arches
