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MSK UPPER LIMBS (S8) > Functional anatomy of the elbow, cubital fossa and the forearm > Flashcards

Functional anatomy of the elbow, cubital fossa and the forearm Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the elbow joint

A
  • Hinge-type
  • Synovial joint
  • Connecting the upper arm to the forearm
  • Consists of the humerus, radius and ulna
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2
Q

What are the movements at the elbow?

A

Flexion and extension

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3
Q

What happens in full flexion (osteology wise)?

A

Coronoid process of the ulna fits into coronoid fossa

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4
Q

What happens in full extension (osteology wise)?

A

Olecranon of the ulna fits into olecranon fossa

-with valgus angulation (carrying angle)

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5
Q

What are the two bursae in the elbow?

A
  • Subtendinous = between olecranon and tendon of briceps brachii
  • Subcutaneous (olecranon) = between olecranon and the overlying connective tissue
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6
Q

What are the three ligaments of the elbow?

A
  • Ulnar collateral ligament = has three bands (Anterior, Posterior and oblique (deepens the socket for the trochlea))
  • Radial collateral ligament
  • Annular ligament (ligamentous collar that supports the head of the radius)
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7
Q

How are the radius and ulna connected?

A

Radioulnar joints:

  • Proximal pivot joint
  • Distal pivot joint
  • Interosseous membrane (fibrous joint)
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8
Q

What are the main arteries of the forearm and from which arteries are they formed?

A

Ulnar and radial arteries (from the bifurcation of the brachial artery)

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9
Q

Where does bifurcation of the brachial artery occur?

A

Opposite the neck of the radius in the inferior part of the cubital fossa

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10
Q

What is the use of the radial artery?

A
  • Arterial blood gas
  • Arterial line
  • Cardiac stent placement for MI
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11
Q

What forms the medial border of the cubital fossa?

A

Lateral border of the pronator teres

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12
Q

What forms the superior border of the cubital fossa?

A

Imaginary line between the epicondyles of the humerus

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13
Q

What forms the lateral border of the cubital fossa?

A

Medial border of the brachioradialis

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14
Q

What is the relevance of the cubital fossa?

A
  • Measuring brachial pulse and blood pressure (manually)

- Venepuncture (median cubital vein)

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15
Q

What are the contents of the cubital fossa? hint: radial to ulna side = Really Need//Beer To//Be At//My Nicest

A
  • Radial Nerve
  • Biceps Tendon
  • Brachial Artery
  • Median Nerve
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16
Q

What are the two articulations in the elbow joint?

A
  • Humeroulnar joint (trochlea of humerus and trochlear notch of ulna)
  • Humeroradial joint (capitellum of humerus and radial head)
17
Q

What is the capitellum of the humerus?

A

The distal lateral articular surface (lateral condyle)

18
Q

What is the trochlea of the humerus?

A

The distal medial articular surface (medial condyle)

MSK UPPER LIMBS (S8) (6 decks)

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