Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

NCSF PERSONAL TRAINER STUDY GUIDE > FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY CH 1 > Flashcards

FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY CH 1 Flashcards

(110 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

what is OSTEOPENIA?

A

refers to bone mineral density BMD that is lower than normal peak but not low enough to be classified as osteoporosis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is OSTEOPOROSIS?

A

irreversible decrease in mineralized bony tissue.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is a joint?

A

a point of articulation between two or more bones, especially such a connection that allows motion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is FIBRUOUS JOINTS?

A

consist of two bones that are united by fibruous tissue and exhibit little or no movement.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is SYNOVIAL JOINTS?

A

contain synovial fluid and allow for considerable movement betw articulating bones.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is hyaline cartilage?

A

a tough, elastic fibrous connective tissue found in various parts of the body, such as the joints, outer ear, and larynx.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is FIBROCARTILAGE?

A

cartilage that allows for greater movement capabilities due to its flexible nature.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is a articular disc?

A

a plate or ring of fibrocartilage attached to the joint capsule and separating the articular surfaces of the bones.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is a joint capsule?

A

a sac enclosing a joint, formed by an outer fibrous membrane and an inner synovial membrane.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is a periosteum?

A

the dense fibrous membrane covering the surface of bones except at the joints and serving as an attachment for muscles and tendons.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are ligaments?

A

tough fibrous band of connective tissue that supports internal organs and holds bones together properly in joints.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are tendons?

A

a tough band of fibrous connective tissue that connects muscles to bones.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is synovial membrane?

A

a layer of connective tissue which lines the joint and produces synovial fluid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is bursa?

A

a tiny fluid filled sac that functions as a gliding surface to reduce friction between tissues of the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is hypermobility?

A

describes joints that stretch further than is normal.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is muscle fascia?

A

thickened connective tissue that envelops a muscle or a group of muscles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is myofibrils?

A

thread like fibrils that make up the contractile part of a striated muscle fiber.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is myofilaments?

A

made up of actin and myosin, that are the structural units of a myofibril.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is myosin?

A

a contractile protein in muscle cells, responsible for the elastic and contractile properties of muscle. it is commonly referred to as the thick contractile protein.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is actin?

A

a protein found in muscle that together with myosin functions in muscle contraction. It is commonly referred to as the thin contractile protein.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is anatomical position?

A

a reference posture used in anatomical description in which the subject stands erect w/ feet parallel and arms adducted and supinated, w/ palms facing forward.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is midline?

A

the median plane of the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is anterior axillary line?

A

creased of the axilla (underarm)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what is midaxillary line?

A

a perpendicular line drawn downward from the apex of the axilla.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what is anterior?
placed before or in front.
26
what is posterior?
located behind a part or toward the rear of a structure.
27
what is proximal?
situated nearest to a point of attachment or origin.
28
what is distal?
situated farthest from point of attachment or origin, as of a limb or bone.
29
what is medial?
at, in, near or being the center, dividing a person into right and left halves.
30
what is lateral?
situated or extending away from the medial plane of the body.
31
what is lpsilateral?
on, or relating to , the same side of the body.
32
what is contralateral?
on, or relating to the opposite side of the body.
33
what is superficial?
shallow proximity in relation to a surface.
34
what is deep?
extending inward in relation to a surface layer.
35
what is flexion?
to bend, in hinge joints, the articulating bones move closer together; in ball and socket joints, the limb moves anterior to the midaxillary line.
36
what is extension?
to straighten or extend; in hinge joints the articulating bones move away from each other; in ball and socket joints, the limb moves posterior to the midaxillary line.
37
what is lateral flexion?
spinal movement to the left or right occurs at the neck and trunk.
38
what is protraction?
movt. of a structure toward the anterior surface in a straight horizontal line.
39
what is retraction?
movt back tot he anatomical positon or additionally, posterior to functional range of motion.
40
what is dorsi flexion?
movt of the ball of the foot towards the shin.
41
what is plantar flexion?
foot movt towards the plantar surface.
42
what is pronation?
unique rotation of the forearm which crosses the radius and ulna. the palm faces posterior. (prone means lying face down).
43
what is supination?
unique rotation of the forearm where the radius and ulna uncross. the palm face anteriorly. (means lying face up).
44
what is inversion?
confined to the ankle; consists of turning the ankle so the plantar surface of the foot faces medially.
45
what is eversion?
confined to the ankle; consists of turning the ankle so the plantar surface of the foot faces laterally.
46
what is abduction?
movement away form the midline.
47
what is adduction?
movt toward the midline.
48
what is ulna deviation?
joint action at the wrist that causes the hand to move medially toward the little finger in the frontal plane.
49
what is external rotation?
action at the shoulder and hip joint where the articulating bone is rotated away from the body from anatomical position.
50
what is internal rotation?
action at the shoulder and hip joint where the articulating bone is rotated toward the body from the anatomical position.
51
what is circumduction?
multiple axis joint action where flexion is combined w/ abduction, and then adduction or extension and hyperextension are combined w/ abduction and the adduction.
52
what is elevation?
superior movement of the bone.
53
what is depression?
inferior movt of the bone.
54
what is horizontal abduction?
movt away from the midline in the transverse plane.
55
what is horizontal adduction?
movt toward the midline in the transverse plane.
56
what is rotation?
the turning of a structure around its long axis.
57
what is radial deviation?
joint action at the wrist that causes the hand to move laterally toward the thumb in the frontal plane.
58
what are the movt functions and ex: of: RECTUS ABDOMINIS?
MOVT: TRUNK FLEXION EX: AB CURL UP
59
what are the movt functions and ex: of: EXTERNAL OBLIQUE?
MOVT: FLEXES AND ROTATES VERTEBRAL COLUMN EX: DIAGONAL CHOP
60
what are the movt functions and ex: of: INTERNAL OBLIQUE?
MOVT: FLEXES AND ROTATES VERTEBRAL COLUMN EX: CABLE TORSO TWIST
61
what are the movt functions and ex: of:TRANSVERSE ABDOMINIS?
MOVT: COMPRESSES ABDOMEN EX: DRAW IN
62
what are the movt functions and ex: of: ERECTOR SPINAE GRP?
MOVT: EXTENDS VEREBRAL COLUMN EX: GOOD MORNING
63
what are the movt functions and ex: of: QUADRATUS LUMBORUM?
MOVT: ABDUCTS VERTEBRAL COLUMN EX: LATERAL FLEXION
64
what are the movt functions and ex: of: DELTS?
MOVT: HORIZONTALLY ABDUCTS, FLEX, EXTEND, AND ROTATE HUMERUS EX: SIDE RAISES
65
what are the movt functions and ex: of: LATS?
MOVT: ADDUCT, MED ROTATE, EXTEND HUMERUS EX: PULL UP
66
what are the movt functions and ex: of: PECS MAJOR?
MOVT: HORIZON ADDUCT, FLEX, EXTEND, MEDIALLY ROTATE HUMERUS EX: BENCH PRESS
67
what are the movt functions and ex: of: TERRES MAJOR?
MOVT: ADDUCT, EXTEND, MEDIALLY ROTATE HUMERUS EX: SINGLE ARM ROW
68
what are the movt functions and ex: of: CORACOBRACHIALIS?
MOVT: ADDUCT AND FLEX HUMERUS EX: FRONT RAISES
69
what are the movt functions and ex: of: INFRASPINATUS?
MOVT: EXTEND AND EXTERNALLY ROTATE HUMERUS EX: EXETERNAL BAND ROTATION
70
what are the movt functions and ex: of: SUBSCAPULARIS?
MOVT: EXTEND AND INTERNALLY ROTATE HUMERUS EX: INTERNAL BAND ROTATION
71
what are the movt functions and ex: of: SUPRASPINATUS?
MOVT: ABDUCT HUMERUS EX: EMPTY CAN RAISE
72
what are the movt functions and ex: of: TERES MINOR?
MOVT: ADDUCT AND EXTERNALLY ROTATE HUMERUS EX: EXTERNAL BAND ROTATION
73
what are the movt functions and ex: of: TRAPEZIUS?
MOVT: ELEVATES, DEPRESSES, ROTATES AND FIXES SCAPULA; EXTENDS NECK EX: SHOULDER SHRUG
74
what are the movt functions and ex: of: RHOMBOID MAJOR?
MOVT:RETRACTS, ROTATES, AND FIXES SCAPULA EX: SEATED ROW
75
what are the movt functions and ex: of: PEC MINOR?
MOVT: DEPRESSES SCAPULA EX: CHEST FLYES
76
what are the movt functions and ex: of: LEVATOR SCAPULAE
MOVT: ELEVATES AND RETRACTS SCAPULA; ABDUCTS NECK EX: HIGH ROW
77
what are the movt functions and ex: of: BICEPS BRACHII
MOVT: FLEXES ARM EX: BICEP CURL
78
what are the movt functions and ex: of: BRACHIALIS
MOVT: FLEXES ARM EX: REVERSE GRIP CURL
79
what are the movt functions and ex: of: BRACHIORADIALIS
MOVT: FLEXES ARM | EX; HAMMER CURL
80
what are the movt functions and ex: of: TRICEPS BRACHII
MOVT; EXTENDS ARM | EX: CABLE PUSHDOWN
81
what are the movt functions and ex: of: FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS
MOVT; FELXES AND ABDUCTS WRIST | EX: WRIST CURLS
82
what are the movt functions and ex: of: FLEXOR CARIP ULNARIS
MOVT; FLEXES AND ADDUCTS WRISTS | EX: WRIST CURL
83
what are the movt functions and ex: of: EXTENSOR CARIP RADIALIS
MOVT: FLEXES AND ABDUCTS WRIST EX: REVERSE WRIST CURL
84
what are the movt functions and ex: of: EXTENSOR CARPI ULNARIS
MOVT: EXTENDS AND ADDUCTS WRIST EX: REVERSE WRIST CURLS
85
what are the movt functions and ex: of: PSOAS MAJOR
MOVT: FLEXES THIGH (HIP) EX: KNEE RAISES
86
what are the movt functions and ex: of: ILIACUS
MOVT: FLEXES AND MEDIALLY ROTATES THIGH (HIP) EX: DIAGONAL KNEE RAISE
87
what are the movt functions and ex: of: GLUTEUS MAX
MOVT: EXTENDS, ADDUCTS, AND LATERALLY ROTATES THIGH EX: SQUAT
88
what are the movt functions and ex: of: GLUT MED
MOVT: ABDUCTS ADN MEDIALLY ROTATES THIGH EX: LATERAL SQUAT
89
what are the movt functions and ex: of: GLUT MINI
MOVT; ABDUCTS AND MEDIALLY ROTATES THIGH | EX: LATERAL SQUAT
90
what are the movt functions and ex: of: TENSOR FASCIA LATAE
MOVT: ABDUCTS AND MED ROATES THIGH EX: SUPINE LEG ABDUCTION
91
what are the movt functions and ex: of: PIRIFORMIS
MOVT: LATERALLY ROTATES AND ABDUCTS THIGH EX: ROTATIONAL STEP OUTS
92
what are the movt functions and ex: of: QUATDRATUS FEMORIS
MOVT: LATERALLY ROTATES AND ABDUCTS THIGH EX: ROTATIONAL STEP OUTS
93
what are the movt functions and ex: of: RECTUS FEMORIS
MOVT: EXTENDS LEG, FLEXES THIGH (HIP) EX: FRONT SQUAT
94
what are the movt functions and ex: of: VASTUS LATERALIS
MOVT: EXTENDS LEG EX: LUNGE
95
what are the movt functions and ex: of: VASTUS INTERMEDIUS
MOVT: EXTENDS LEG EX: LEG PRESS
96
what are the movt functions and ex: of: VASTUS MED
MOVT: EXTENDS LEG EX: LEG EXTENSION
97
what are the movt functions and ex: of: SARTORIUS
MOVT: FLEXES HIP, LEG, ROTATES LEG MEDIALLY AND THIGH LATERALLY EX: LATERAL STEP UP
98
what are the movt functions and ex: of: BICEPS FEMORIS
MOVT: EXTENDS THIGH FLEXES AND LATERALLY ROTATES LEG EX: ROMANIAN DL
99
what are the movt functions and ex: of: SEMITENDINOSUS
MOVT; EXTENDS THIGH, FLEXES AND LATERALLY ROTATES LEG | EX: SUPINE LEG CURL
100
what are the movt functions and ex: of: SEIMEMBRANOSUS
MOVT; EXTENDS THIGH, FLEXES AND MEDIALLY ROTATES LEG | EX: STANDING LEG CURL
101
what are the movt functions and ex: of: ADDUCTOR BREVIS
MOVT: ADDUCTS, FLEXES, AND LATERALLY ROTATES THIGH EX: LATERAL LUNGE
102
what are the movt functions and ex: of: ABDUCTOR LONGUS
MOVT: ADDUCTS, FLEXES, LATERALLY ROTATES THIGH EX: SIDE STEP UPS
103
what are the movt functions and ex: of: ADDCUTOR MAGNUS
MOVT: ADDUCTS, EXTENDS, AND LATERALLY ROTATES THIGH EX: SEATED ADDUCTION
104
what are the movt functions and ex: of: PECTINEUS
MOVT; ADDUCTS AND FLEXES THIGH | EX: CABLE ADDUCTION
105
what are the movt functions and ex: of: GASTROCNEMIUS
MOVT: PLANTAR FLEXES, FLEXES LEG EX: STANDING CALF RAISES
106
what are the movt functions and ex: of: SOLEUS
MOVT: PLANTAR FLEXES FOOT EX: SEATED CALF RAISES
107
what are the movt functions and ex: of: TIBIALIS ANTERIOR
MOVT: DORSI FLEXES AND INVERST FOOT | EX; TOE RAISE
108
what are the movt functions and ex: of: PERONEUS TERTIUS
MOVT: DORSI FLEXES AND EVERTS FOOT EX: TOE RAISE
109
what are the movt functions and ex: of: PERONEUS BREVIS
MOVT: PLANTAR FLEXES AND EVERTS FOOT | EX; CALF RAISE
110
what are the movt functions and ex: of: PERONEUS LONGUS
MOVT: PLANTAR FLEXES AND EVERTS FOOT EX: CALF RAISE

NCSF PERSONAL TRAINER STUDY GUIDE (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions