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PE Elective - Functional Anatomy > Functional Anatomy > Flashcards

Functional Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

3 types of Joints and definitions and examples

A

Synovial - Freely moveable - Knee
Fibrous - Immovable - Skull
Cartilaginous - Ribs

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2
Q

Name all 8 body systems

A

Skeletal , muscular, circulatory, respiratory, nervous, reproductive, endocrine, digestive

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3
Q

What does appendicular and axial mean

A

Appendicular is limbs and axial is the other parts (skull sternum etc)

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4
Q

What are ligaments and tendons

A

Tendons connect muscle to bone, ligaments connect bone to bone

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5
Q

6 types of synovial joints with examples

A 
Saddle - Thumb
Pivot - Neck/skull
Condyloid - Wrist
Gliding - Ankle
Ball and Socket - Shoulder
Hinge - Knee
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6
Q

4 functions of muscular system

A

Mobility, stability, circulation, respiration

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7
Q

3 types of muscles with definitions and examples

A

Striated (voluntary) - Needs nervous system and voluntary movement to move - bicep
Involuntary - moves involuntarily, no effort needed - Liver/kidney
Cardiac - heart muscle

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8
Q

Definition of origin, insertion and muscle belly

A

Origin is the end of the muscle closest to u (proximal)
Insertion is where the muscle moves (movement point)
The muscle belly is where the tendons attach to at the muscle

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9
Q

Definitions of CNS and PNS

A

CNS is central nervous system, consists of brain and spinal cords, it controls the body and its functions.
PNS is the peripheral nervous system, its function is to connect the rest of the body to the CNS. It transmits info to CNS

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10
Q

Definition of isotonic and isometric movement

A

Isotonic is working the muscle while moving and isometric is working the muscle without moving

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11
Q

Definition of concentric movement and eccentric movement

A

Concentric is contracting (flexion) the muscle and eccentric is elongating it or extending it.

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12
Q

What is an anatomical postion and why do people use them

A

A position from which the body can be studied and observed medically using reference points.
Its a good way to study the body from different points.

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13
Q

Definition of superior and inferior

A

Superior - Closer to the head than another part / on top

Inferior - Lesser/bottom of the body

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14
Q

Definition of anterior and posterior

A

Anterior - Front of body

Posterior - Back of body

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15
Q

Definition of midline and lateral

A

Medial - Toward the midline of the body

Lateral - Away from the midline of the body

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16
Q

Definition of proximal and distal

A

Proximal - Closest point of area to me.

Distal - Furthest point of area to me.

17
Q

Definition of superficial and deep

A

Superficial - Towards to body surface

Deep - Away from the bodies surface

18
Q

Definition of palmar and plantar

A

Palmar - Palm of hand

Plantar - Bottom of foot

19
Q

Definition of abduction and adduction

A

Abduction - Moving a limb away from the body.

Adduction - Moving a limb to the body.

20
Q

Definition of flexion and extension

A

Flexion - Bending a muscle or limb.

Extension - Straightening or extending a muscle or limb.

21
Q

Definition of plantarflexion and dorsiflexion

A

Dorsiflexion - Backward bending or contracting of hand or foot.

Plantarflexion - Movement in which the top of the foot points away from the leg.

22
Q

Definition of eversion and inversion

A

Eversion - Movement of the sole of the foot away from the midline.

Inversion - Movement of the sole of the foot to the midline.

23
Q

What are agonists and antagonists

A

Agonists are the prime movers and the muscle in a concentric contraction and working. The antagonist is the opposing muscle in an eccentric elongation.

24
Q

What are acute and chronic injuries

A

Acute is sudden injury (broken wrist) it has to be treated immediately. Chronic injuries are long-term and prolonged. Untreated acute injuries turn into Chronic injuries.

25
Q

Ways to prevent muscle injuries

A

Stretching muscles and joints.

Maintain fitness

Consult an expert

Good nutrition

Check field conditions

26
Q

Definition of supination and pronation

A

Supination - when the limb (mostly hand or forearm) is facing upwards and forwards
Pronation - when the hand or forearm is facing backwards or downwards

PE Elective - Functional Anatomy (1 decks)

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