funcs of c+d

Question 1

Intro

Answer 1

Funcs tend to have an optimistic view on society and see institutional reform as necessary to tackle social problems, they even see some criminal activity as beneficial to society

Question 2

Evidence 1

Answer 2

Positives include re affirming the boundaries, social cohesion, safety valve and changing values

Question 3

Explanation 1

Answer 3

Changing values is every so often when someone is taken to court-sympathy-public outcry- change in law to reflect values- women’s right to vote

Question 4

Development 1

Answer 4

Negative- anomie- when there’s a great social change/stress, the collective conscious weakens which frees people from social control- rioting

Question 5

Criticism 1

Answer 5

As a functionalist he assumes there’s a value system to deviate from, fails to identify subcultures role in creating crime, fails to acknowledge victims

Question 6

Point 2

Answer 6

Hirschi asked why we don’t commit crime- he argued that criminal activity occurs when people attachment to society is weakened

Question 7

Evidence and development 2

Answer 7

Attachment- what extent do we care about other people’s opinions and wishes
Commitment- refers to personal investments that each of us have got to lose
Involvement- how busy are we- time for the crime?
Belief-how strong does a person feel they should obey the law

Question 8

Criticism 2

Answer 8

Some bonds lead people into crime (involvement in subcultures)- money for family

Question 9

Point 3

Answer 9

Merton argued all societies set their members certain goals and crime and deviance arises when members don’t reach them

Question 10

Evidence 3

Answer 10

Different forms of behaviour could be understood as a strain between goals and means

Question 11

3

Answer 11

Conformity- individual continues to adhere to both goals and means despite small chance of success
Innovation- accepts the goals but uses different ways to achieve them- criminal
Ritualise- means are used but sight of goal is lost
Retreatism- rejects both means and goals- drugs
Rebellion- societies goals and means are rejected and different ones are substituted- political activist

Question 12

Criticism 4

Answer 12

Taylor et al says he fails to consider wider power relations in society, he doesn’t address questions about who makes laws