Fun Facts

Question 1

Skin/Soft tissue bugs

Answer 1

Staph aureus, GAS (pyogenes), GBS, c. perfringens

Question 2

Endocarditis

Answer 2

Subacute: viridans, enterococcus
Acute: staph aureus, strep pneumo

Question 3

Enteritis

Answer 3

Vibrio cholerae, enterotoxigenic E. coli

Question 4

Colitis

Answer 4

Shigella, Salmonella, C. jejuni, C. diff

Question 5

Pneumonia

Answer 5

Strep pneumo, H. flu, Moraxella

Atypicals: mycoplasma, chlamydia, legionella, TB

Question 6

Meningitis

Answer 6

H. flu, Neisseria meningitidis, Strep pneumo, Listeria

Question 7

Intra-abdominal

Answer 7

E. coli, Klebsiella, enterococcus, anaerobes (B. fragilis)

Question 8

Sepsis

Answer 8

Staph aureus,

Question 9

TLR’s against….

Answer 9

TLR2= peptidoglycan (also NOD1/2)
TLR4= LPS (also LBP, CD14)
TLR5= flagellin
CRP recognizes phosphocholine on strep pneumo

Question 10

Gram neg diplococci

Answer 10

Neisseria gonorrhoeae, N. meningitidis

How to tell apart? N. meningitidis is a maltose fermenter.

Question 11

Gram Neg, oxidase positive, comma shaped

Answer 11

Three things

1. ) C. jejuni (grows in 42C)
2. ) Vibrio cholerae (grows in alkaline media)
3. ) H. pylori (urease producing)

Question 12

GN “coccoid” rods

Answer 12

1. ) H. flu (needs factors V and X)
2. ) Pasteurella (animal bites)
3. ) Brucella
4. ) Bordatella pertusis

Question 13

GN Rods (LF)

Answer 13

Fast fermenters:

1. ) Klebs
2. ) E coli
3. ) Enterobacter

Slow fermenters:

1. ) Citrobacter
2. ) Serratia

Question 14

GN Rods (Non-LF)

Answer 14

1. ) Oxidase positive = Pseudomonas

2. ) Oxidase negative (TSI agar: does NOT produce H2S= Shigella), DOES produce H2S= salmonella, proteus, yersinia).

Question 15

What agar to test for lactose fermentation?

Answer 15

MacConkey’s agar (pink colonies)

On EMB agar grow as purple/black colonies, E coli has green sheen

Question 16

Gram Positive Rods

Answer 16

Clostridium (anaerobe)
Corynebacterium
Listeria
Bacillus (aerobe)

Question 17

Gram Pos Cocci, catalase pos clusters

Answer 17

Staph

1. ) Coagulase pos = staph aureus
2. ) Coag neg (S. epidermidis or S. saprophyticus), tell apart b/c s. epidermidis is novobiocin sensitive

Question 18

Gram pos cocci, catalase neg, chains

Answer 18

Strep. Divide by hemolysis.

Question 19

Hemolysis and strep

Answer 19

1. ) Alpha hemolytic: S. pneumo, S. viridans
2. ) Beta hemolytic: S. pyogenes, GBS
3. ) Gamma hemolytic: GDS (enterococcus), GDS nonenterococcus

Question 20

S. pneumo

Answer 20

Capsule, optochin sensitive, bile soluble (lysed)

Question 21

S. viridans

Answer 21

(s. mutans)

No capsule, optochin resistant, bile insoluble

Question 22

S. pyogenes bacitracin?

Answer 22

sensitive

Question 23

GBS bacitracin?

Answer 23

resistant

Question 24

GDS enterococcus

Answer 24

grows in biole and 6.5% NaCl (E. faecalis)

Question 25

GDS nonenterococcus

Answer 25

grows in bile NOT 6.5% NaCl (S. bovis)

Question 26

Anaerobic

Answer 26

B. fragilis, Clostridium, p. acnes, peptostreptococcus

Question 27

NO staining

Answer 27

Mycoplasma, chlamydia

Intracell: TB, rickettsia, spirochetes, legionella

Question 28

Penicillinase resistant B lactams

Answer 28

oxacillin, nafcillin, dicloxacillin