full_materials_science_brainscape (1) Flashcards
What is Density?
The mass per unit volume of a material.
What is Conductivity?
The measure of how easily electric charge or heat passes through a material.
What is Thermal Conductivity?
The ability of a material to transmit heat through it.
What is Electrical Conductivity?
The ability of a material to transmit electricity.
What is Melting Point?
The temperature at which a material changes from solid to liquid.
What is Boiling Point?
The temperature at which a material changes from liquid to gas.
What is Viscosity?
A measure of a fluid’s resistance to flow. Example: Honey has high viscosity.
What is Hygroscopicity?
The ability of a material to absorb moisture from the air. Example: Silica Gel, Salt.
What is Strength?
The capacity of a material to withstand an external load without destruction.
What is Elasticity?
The ability of a material to return to its original shape after deformation.
What is Ductility?
The ability of a material to be stretched into thin wires. Example: Copper, Gold.
What is Plasticity?
The ability of a material to undergo permanent deformation without rupture.
What is Malleability?
The ability of a material to be hammered into thin sheets. Example: Aluminum.
What is Toughness?
The ability of a material to absorb energy and withstand shock without fracturing.
What is Hardness?
The ability of a material to resist scratching, abrasion, or penetration.
What is Brittleness?
The tendency of a material to break rather than deform under stress. Example: Glass.
What is Fatigue?
The weakening of a material due to repeated or fluctuating stress over time.
What is Oxidation?
A chemical reaction where a material loses electrons. Example: Rusting of iron.
What is Flammability?
The ability of a material to catch fire and burn. Example: Wood, Paper.
What is Thermal Expansion?
The increase in size of a material when heated.
What are the properties of Engineering Materials?
- Physical
- Mechanical
- Chemical
- Thermal
- Optical
- Electrical
- Magnetic
What are the types of Destructive Testing?
- Tensile Testing
- Compression Testing
- Thermal Expansion Testing
- Beam Deflection Testing
- Shear and Torsion Testing
- Impact Testing
- Hardness Testing
- Fatigue Testing
- Bend Testing
What are the components of a Universal Testing Machine (UTM)?
- Control Panel
- Grips/Fixtures
- Crosshead
- Load Frame
- Load Cell
- Actuator
What are the properties measured via Tensile Testing?
- Ultimate Tensile Strength
- Tensile Yield Strength
- Ductility
- Modulus of Elasticity
What are the types of Impact Testing?
- Charpy Impact Testing
- Izod Impact Testing
- Drop-Weight Impact Testing
- Dynamic Tear Testing
What are the applications of Fatigue Testing?
- Automotive Industry
- Construction Industry
What is the Universal Testing Machine (UTM)?
A machine used to test mechanical properties of materials by applying tensile, compressive, or transverse stresses.
What is Tensile Testing?
A destructive test where a material is pulled apart until it fractures to measure strength and elasticity.
What is Compression Testing?
A test where a material is subjected to forces that push, compress, squash, crush, and flatten it.
What is Impact Testing?
A test used to evaluate the resistance of materials to impact and shock. Examples: Charpy and Izod tests.
What is Hardness Testing?
A destructive test to evaluate a material’s hardness, strength, and wear resistance by pressing a hard object into its surface.
What is Fatigue Testing?
A test to evaluate a material’s resistance to cyclic loading by subjecting it to repeated stress until it fails.
What is Bend Testing?
A test used to evaluate a material’s ductility and toughness by bending it until fracture occurs.
Why is Material Testing Important?
- Ensures compliance with regulatory agencies.
- Helps in selecting appropriate materials for applications.
- Evaluates product design and improvements.
- Verifies production processes.
What is the purpose of Compression Testing?
To determine parameters like:
1. Proportional Limit
2. Elastic Limit
3. Yield Point
4. Compressive Strength
What is the purpose of Beam Deflection Testing?
By testing beam deflection, we determine:
1. Strength of the beam
2. Stiffness of the beam
3. Modulus of Elasticity
