Full Unit Study

Question 1

What is a thermometer

Answer 1

Mechanical or electrical devices
that measure temperature

Question 2

What is celsius?

Answer 2

• Common Unit of temperature
  measurement in Canada
• Named after Anders Celsius
• Celsius decided degree would be
  the unit for temperature
• He assigned 0 to the temperature
  that ice melts, 100 for the
  temperature water boils, then
  evenly split up the in between into
  100 degrees.

Question 3

What is a kelvin?

Answer 3

• As scientific study advanced
  scientists needed a scale that
  started at the coldest possible
  temperature
• Coldest temperature is known
  as “absolute zero”
• The creation of the Kelvin
  Scale
• Named after William
  Thompson, Lord of Kelvin

Question 4

What is a absolute zero?

Answer 4

• Although it has never been reached, absolute zero is -
  273.15oC
• Units are not degrees, but simply called Kelvins
• Ex. The freezing temperature of water on the Kelvin
  Scale is 273.15K

Question 5

What is a thermocouple?

Answer 5

Made of two different
metals twisted together
* When metals are heated a
small electric current is
generated
* The amount of current
depends on the
temperature
* Great for really high
temperatures, poor for low
temperatures

Question 6

What is a bimetallic strip?

Answer 6

• Two different metals joined
  firmly together
• When heated one metal expands
  more quickly than the other,
  causing it to coil more tightly
• When cooled the opposite
  occurs.
• Useful in turning switches in
  things like furnaces

Question 7

What is energy?

Answer 7

• The measure of something’s
  ability to do work
• Whenever something
  happens to an object energy
  is being transferred

Question 8

What is the law of
conservation of energy?

Answer 8

Energy cannot be created or
destroyed. It can only be transformed
from one type to another or passed
from one object to another.

Question 9

What is expansion?

Answer 9

When particles spread away from each other because energy lessens the in-molecular bond.

Question 10

What is contraction?

Answer 10

When particles get closer together because energy lessens the in-molecular bond.

Question 11

What is a pure substance?

Answer 11

• Substances that are made up of only one kind of particle and have a fixed or constant structure
• Pure substances can be found as solid, liquid, or gas
• Gold, oxygen and water are pure substances

Question 12

What is heat capacity?

Answer 12

• Amount of thermal energy that warms or cools the object by one degree Celsius
• Describes a particular object

Question 13

What is specific heat capacity?

Answer 13

• Amount of thermal energy that warms or cools one gram of a material by one degree Celsius
• Describes a particular material

Question 14

What is a melting point?

Answer 14

The temperature at which a substance goes from a solid to a liquid.

Question 15

What is a boiling point?

Answer 15

The temperature at which a substance goes from a liquid boils/turns into a gas.

Question 16

What is evaporative cooling?

Answer 16

• Particles are moving at many different speeds
• At the surface some faster moving particles are able to escape into the air
• When the energetic particles leave the remaining liquid is cooler
• The surface cools and this is known as evaporative cooling

Question 17

What is radiation?

Answer 17

• Transfer of energy without any movement of matter
• Energy is known as radiant energy or electromagnetic radiation (EMR)
• Travels and behaves like a wave
• Can travel through space, air , glass and many other substances

Question 18

What is conduction?

Answer 18

Process of transferring thermal energy though direct collisions between particles

Question 19

What is convection?

Answer 19

Warm fluid it’s self moves from place to place, which carries thermal energy with it. Convection current: the moving fluid

Question 20

What is geothermal energy?

Answer 20

• Volcanoes, hot springs and
  geysers are indicators of the extremely hot materials in the Earth’s crust
• This hot material can produce hot water or steam
• We can pipe this hot water into a power plant

Question 21

What is passive solar heating?

Answer 21

Uses materials in the structure to absorb, store and release solar energy.

Question 22

What is active solar heating?

Answer 22

Uses mechanical devices like fans to distribute stored thermal energy.

Question 23

What are fossil fuels?

Answer 23

• Main energy source in Alberta and throughout the world
• Chemicals from plants and animals that died and decomposed millions of years ago and have been preserved deep underground
• Natural gas, petroleum oils, coal

Question 24

What is cogeneration?

Question 25

What is a renewable resource?

Question 26

What is a non-renewable
resource?

Question 27

Refrigerant
Knowledge
* What is a hydro-electric dam?
* What are mechanical forces?
* How do windmills generate electricity?
* What are the environmental problems of alternative forms of energy (there is one for each source of
energy)
* What are two problems that occur from the use of fossil fuels?
* How does a refrigerator work? (What happens to the thermal energy in food?)
* What are three by-products of thermal energy that are not healthy for you?
* What is one safety measure you can take to protect against gases produced through global warming?