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Organisational behaviour > full module > Flashcards

full module Flashcards

1
Q

4 reasons why we study OB

A

Time spent there
Can make you happy
Can make you sick
Increasing expectations

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2
Q

4 parts of questions what is work

A
  1. It is economic
  2. Related to place and time
  3. Involves social relations
  4. Intrinsic and extrinsic gratififcations
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3
Q

What was pre industrial work?

A

Physical labour, agriculture , gender based and seasonal

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4
Q

Where was and who founded Scientific management?

A

USA, Frederick Taylor

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5
Q

What was scientific management roughly?

A

Maximising output for each man and machine, aswell as this he believed moeny was the only inscentive

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6
Q

5 pillars of scientific management

A
  1. Simplification of tasks
  2. Examine the best way to conduct the tasks
  3. Training workers in the one best way to conduct the tasks
  4. Separating the planning of tasks from their execution
  5. Selecting workers for particular tasks
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7
Q

What are limitations of scientific management?

A

Simple tasks leads to dissatisfaction , boredom, staff turnover

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8
Q

What are 3 types of wellbeing at work?

A

Physical, social and psychological

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9
Q

2 essential factor for workers motivation

A

Support from peers and supervisors

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10
Q

What are the 3 types of personality

A

Trait, Psychodynamic and socio-cultural

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11
Q

What is trait theory

A

enduring characteristic, consistently displayed can be used to predict behaviour, introvert and extrovert etc

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12
Q

Whats the big 5 facor model of personality?

A

O penness
C onscientiousness
E xtroversion
A greeableness
N euroticism

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13
Q

Maslow 5 layer pyramid of motivation

A
  1. Self Actualisation
  2. Esteem
  3. Interpersonal Relations
  4. Safety
  5. Physiological
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14
Q

Difference between character traits and identity examples

A

CT: I am an extrovert and open minded

Identity: I am a student at TCD and a car cleaner

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15
Q

What is perception?

A

It is receiving sensory stimuli which the brain interprets

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16
Q

Name 7 things affecting perception?

A

Culture, Background, Motivation, Goals, Expectations, Experience and habits

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17
Q

What are Schemata?

A

Knowledge packets that allow us to interpret the world

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18
Q

motivation definition

A

…a cognitive decision-making process that influences the effort, persistence and direction of voluntary goal- directed behaviour.’’

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19
Q

What are the 3 basic needs according to McClellands acquired theory

A

Need for:
Achievement
Power
Affiliation (IP)

20
Q

Which is which with Mcgregors Theory x and Y

A

X is Autocratic, employees lazy, prefer direction etc

Y : emploees like work, want tasks, motivated by not just money

21
Q

Learning, definition?

A

‘..a relatively permanent change in behaviour or human capabilities resulting from processing new knowledge, practice or experience.’

22
Q

What are 2 classical learning theories

A

The behavioural approach
The social learning approach

23
Q

What is behavioural approach

A

Perceives learning as a chain of conditioned ( Learned ) reflexes.

24
Q

What is social learning approach

A

People develop trough observational learning

25
What are the 3 types of social capital?
Structural Social Capital network, meet Relationship social capital Bonding, Friendships Cognitive Social Capital Overall climate to enhance teawmork
26
Difference between leadership and management
Management - Status Quo, Consistency, order and efficiency Leadership - Vision, Strategy, Communications and change
27
What are the 6 leadership styles?
Commanding - "Do what I tell you" Visionary - "Come with me" Affiliative - "People come first" Democratic - "What do you think" Pacesetting - "Do as I do now" Coaching - "Try this"
28
4 Traits of a good leader? (3 of big 5)
Extroversion Conscientiousness Openness Emotional Intelligence
29
What is fiddlers model in regards to managing?
This model emphasizes matching leadership style to situational demands for effective team performance.
30
Difference between Transactional and Transformational leadership theories?
Transactional: Classic, concerned with transactions, explains tasks and punishes deviants Transformational: Emphasizes symbolic behaviour, Inspirational, group cohesiveness
31
Definition of a group
2 or more individuals with mutual goals
32
What is group cohesion
The degree of attraction people feel toward the team and their motivation to remain members
33
6 influences on group coheision
1. Member similarity 2. Team size 3. Member interaction 4. Somewhat difficult entry 5. Team success 6. External challenges
34
What is groupthink
Is when a very cohesive group feels strong need for unanimous agreement, this need overrides their motivation to consider conflicting courses of action
35
What is the key symbol of communication?
Language
36
National Culture definition
A system of values and norms that are shared among a group of people and that, taken together constitute a design for living (Hofstede, 1984)
37
What does culture comprise of
Inner patterns of thought and perception Deep-level verbalisation Visible patterns of behaviour
38
What are the 4 dimensions of cultural difference
1. Power distance, accepting power is distributed unequally 2. Individualism v Collectivism- how much society members integrate into communities 3. Masculinity v Femininity: Acceptance of sex bias and and division of labour 4. Uncertainty Avoidance: societys tolerance for ambiguity and uncertainty
39
What is organisational culture
‘The basic pattern of shared assumptions, values and beliefs governing the way employees in an organisation think about and act on problems and opportunities.’ (McShane and Glinow 2005)
40
What are the 4 culture typology
Networked, Fragmented, Mercenary, Communal
41
what are the 11 mechanisms of culture change
1. Recruitment and selection– 2. Induction– 3. Training and development– 4. Communications– 5 Payment and reward– 6. Appraisal– 7. Employee relations– 8. Terms and conditions of employment– 9. Organisation structure– 10. Counselling and redundancy– 11. Social activities
42
What is the difference between Continuous change and Episodic change?
Continuous: Ongoing, evolving and cumulative Episodic: Change occurring in distinct periods of time
43
Difference in evolutionary and revolutionary change
EVO: Gradual, typically unplanned Revo: Significant change to strategy/ structure
44
First, Second and third order change definition
1st order: Infrequent , large scale, long term 2nd order: continuous, is evolving 3rd order: small scale, using existing resources
45
Whats the stages of lewins three stage model for change:
Unfreezing, Movement, Refreezing
46
What are the 4 impediments to decision making at an individual level?
- Information processing failure due to a lack of information - Perceptual bias due to “selective filtering of information” - Intuition and emotion might overrule rational decisions - Escalation of commitment holding on to wrong decisions
47
4 factors increasing the emphasis on power and politics in organisations
* Organisational change * Organisational uncertainty * Managerial careers * Job insecurity and mobility.

Organisational behaviour (1 decks)

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