Fugue and Vivaldi Flashcards
What did the development of the fugue coincide with?
A return to the vogue of polyphony
Who was the greatest exponent of fugue writing?
Johan Sebastian Bach
What is a fugue?
A conversation between two or more people, with each person being known as a voice
What does a fugue begin with?
A statement of the subject, which is followed by the answer in a separate voice
Where does the answer start on?
A different pitch, most commonly on the dominant, which is a fifth above the subject
What is the musical term for a fugue?
Counterpoint
What happens whilst an answer is occurring?
A counter subject is explored
What is a stretto?
An imitation of the subject being introduced before the subject has been completed by another voice
What is a pedal point?
When one voice holds a long single note, usually on the dominant
What are exploratory melodies based on?
Existing subjects known as episodes
What is an inversion?
When the melody is turned upside down
What is retrograde?
When the melody is presented in reverse
What is augmentation?
When the original time values are lengthened
What is diminution?
When the original time values are shortened
When was Antonio Vivaldi born and when did he die?
1678-1741, Venice
What was his father?
A violinist at St Marks Cathedral
Where did Vivaldi begin his music career?
As a teacher in Venice at the music school of Pieta, where his school choir and orchestra comprised of schoolgirls, were one of the finest in Italy
What did Vivaldi compose?
Over 450 concerto grossi and solo concertos
What does his work of the Four seasons have?
A programmatic element at its core, meaning that the orchestral score is intended to tell a story
