fuels and oils

Question 1

what is crude oil?

Answer 1

chains of hydrocarbons

Question 2

what are gases used for?

Answer 2

cooking and heating

Question 3

what is petrol used for?

Answer 3

fuel in cars

Question 4

what is kerosene used for?

Answer 4

fuel in aircrafts

Question 5

what is fuel oil used for?

Answer 5

ships and power stations

Question 6

what is bitumen used for?

Answer 6

surface roads and roofs

Question 7

what is complete combustion?

Answer 7

reaction of hydrocarbons that only produces water and carbon dioxide

Question 8

what is incomplete combustion?

Answer 8

there’s not enough oxygen for complete so there’s less water than co2, this produces carbon monoxide

Question 9

what does carbon monoxide do to humans?

Answer 9

combines with red blood cells and stops them carrying oxygen around the body which may cause fainting

Question 10

how does acid rain form?

Answer 10

Sulphur dioxide released in fossil fuels then mixes with clouds and forms dilute sulphuric acid which then falls as acid rain

Question 11

effects of acid rain

Answer 11

acidic lakes cause animals and plants to die, kills trees, damages limestone buildings and stone statues, can make metal corrode

Question 12

Pros of hydrogen as a fuel

Answer 12

very clean, it’s only waste product is water, renewable

Question 13

Cons of hydrogen as a fuel

Answer 13

needs a special and expensive engine, often uses energy from another source, hydrogen is hard to store

Question 14

shorter hydrocarbons are….

Answer 14

easy to ignite, have lower boiling points, tend to be at room temperature

Question 15

longer hydrocarbons are….

Answer 15

Liquids at room temperature, higher boiling points, harder to ignite

Question 16

What does viscosity measure

Answer 16

how easily a substance flows

Question 17

longer hydrocarbons have a

Answer 17

higher viscosity and are thick