Fuels and Hydrocarbons

Question 1

Hydrocarbons are made up from

Answer 1

Hydrogen and carbon

Question 2

Crude oil is a mixture of

Answer 2

Hydrocarbons

Question 3

Describe the temperature difference in a fractionating column

Answer 3

Hottest at the bottom and coolest at the top

Question 4

The process of separating hydrocarbons is

Answer 4

Fractional distillation

Question 5

Gases from crude oil are used for

Answer 5

Domestic heating and cooking

Question 6

Petrol from crude oil is used for

Answer 6

Fuels for cars

Question 7

The fuels aircrafts use is called

Answer 7

Kerosene

Question 8

The fuel some cars and trains use

Answer 8

Diesel

Question 9

Fuel oil is used by

Answer 9

Large ships and power stations

Question 10

Bitumen us used for

Answer 10

Surfacing roads and roofs

Question 11

The 4 ways different hydrocarbon fractions differ from each other are

Answer 11

1. Number of carbon atoms they contain
2. Boiling points
3. Ease of ignition
4. Viscosity

Question 12

By what unit does the molecular formula change in neighbouring molecules (i.e. the next one) in a homologous series?

Answer 12

CH2

Question 13

Examples of physical properties that differ within a homologous series are (2)

Answer 13

Boiling points and melting points

Question 14

When hydrocarbon fuels burn in oxygen this is called

Answer 14

Combustion

Question 15

What type of combustion occurs in a plentiful supply of oxygen?

Answer 15

Complete combustion

Question 16

What are the products of complete combustion?

Answer 16

Carbon dioxide and water

Question 17

What are the products of incomplete combustion?

Answer 17

Carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, water and soot (carbon)

Question 18

What is the chemical test for carbon dioxide?

Answer 18

It turns limewater cloudy

Question 19

The homologous series most hydrocarbons in crude oil belong to is

Answer 19

Alkanes

Question 20

Give an example of an alkane

Answer 20

Methane, ethane, butane, pentane