Fudamentals of Data Representation Flashcards
Formula for the range of numbers:
2^n (where n represents the number of bits)
Formula to find the biggest number:
2^n-1 (where n represents the number of bits)
What are the number bases for Denary, Binary and Hexadecimal:
Denary is base 10.
Binary is base 2.
Hexadecimal is base 16.
What are the rules for Binary addition:
0 + 0 = 0
1 + 1 = 0 carry the 1
1 + 0 / 0 + 1 = 1
1 + 1 + 1 = 1 carry the 1
How do you use Two’s Complement?:
- Find the binary equivalent
- Flip the numbers (1’s becomes 0’s and vice versa)
- Add 1 to the number
Method of Binary Subtraction:
- Calculate the binary equivalent
- Convert the negative into two’s complement (e.g 125 - 40, you would convert the negative (40))
- Add the binary values for the numbers
- Ignore the final carry!
What are NATURAL numbers?
POSITIVE WHOLE numbers used for COUNTING
What are INTEGERS?
Any POS/NEG WHOLE numbers
What are RATIONAL numbers?
Any number that can be expressed as a fraction or ratio.
What are IRRATIONAL numbers?
Any number that can NOT be expressed as a fraction or ratio. (e.g 1.33333 or Pi)
What are REAL numbers?
Any numbers that are NATURAL, RATIONAL or IRRATIONAL.
(Ordinal numbers are NOT REAL!)
What are ORDINAL numbers?
Numbers that refer to the POSITION of numerical integers/objects. (eg 3rd, 10th)
How many bits in a byte?
8 bits in a byte.
List the measurements for data storage, from smallest to largest, the smallest being bits:
Bits, Bytes, Megabytes, Kilobytes, Gigabytes, Terobytes, Petabytes, Exabytes, Zettabytes, Yottabytes
Why do we simplify data storage types?
Because it’s easier to understand. Computer’s don’t actually use Gigabytes, they would use Gibibytes (1,024 instead of 1000), we as humans simplify the term to make it appeal more to consumers.
