FUck off cunt Flashcards
qSonnet:
Literally, a “little song”
- a fourteen-line poem, usually written in iambic pentameter
- Often about love or problems
Types of Sonnets
Petrarchan Sonnet (octave + sestet)
- 8 lines for problem, six for solution
- Volta occurs after the octave and before the sestet
Shakespearean Sonnet (quatrain + quatrain + quatrain + couplet)
- 12 lines for problem, 2 for solution
- Volta occurs before the ending couplet
Couplet
(2 lines)
Tercet
(3 lines)
Quatrain
(4 lines)
Sestet
(6 lines)
Octave
(8 lines)
Volta/Turn
(“volta” literally means “turn”→change in/turn of thought; movement from question to response; etc.)
a rhetorical shift or dramatic change in thought and/or emotion
Meter/Scansion
Discovering the meter (or underlying structure) of a poem by marking where the stresses naturally fall
Reading through meter is called “scansion”
* You will NOT be asked to provide a scansion of a text, but you may be tested on terminology
Iambic Pentameter
- “iam” is a metric unit containing one unstressed and one stressed syllable (2 syllables total)
- “penta” means five
- Iambic pentameter consists of having 5 iams or 10 syllables per line (2 syllables × 5 = 10 syllables total)
- pattern of an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable or a short syllable followed by a long syllable
- The rhythm of iambic pentameter mimics a heartbeat and is though often thought of as being very natural sounding
Stressed Vs Unstressed Syllables
Stressed:
often used to emphasize important words typically longer, louder, and higher pitched
Unstressed: typically shorter, lower pitched, less emphasized
The Classical Unities for a Greek Tragedy:
Time
- All action in tragedy should take place in a single day
Place
- Tragedy should occur in a single place
Action
- A tragedy should have one principle action (one main plot, a concise story that carries the plot, no subplots)
Anaphora
the deliberate repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of each one of a sequence of sentences, paragraphs, lines of verse, or stanzas
Example:
“This royal throne of kings, this sceptered isle,
This earth of majesty, this seat of Mars,
This other Eden, demi-paradise,
This fortress built by nature for herself
Against infection and the hand of war” (R2 II.i.40-44)
Repeated use of the word “This”
Allusion
a passing reference, without explicit identification, to a literary or historical person, place, or event, or to another literary work or passage…. Since allusions are not explicitly identified, they imply a fund of knowledge that is shared by an author and the audience for whom the author writes” (13).
In Shakespeare, these allusions are typically biblical or classical in nature.
Example:
“This royal throne of kings, this sceptered isle,
This earth of majesty, this seat of Mars,
This other Eden, demi-paradise,
This fortress built by nature for herself
Against infection and the hand of war” (R2 II.i.40-44)
Apostrophe
a direct address to someone or something that is not physically present. The subject may be dead, absent, inanimate, or abstract.
Example:
“Needs must I like it well. I weep for joy
To stand upon my kingdom once again. [He kneels.]
Dear earth, I do salute thee with my hand,
