Frustration-Aggression hypothesis Flashcards
Dollard et al (1939)
his hypothesis is based on the psychodynamic approach- aggression is a psychological drive and we experience frustration if our attempt to achieve a goal is blocked by an external factor
Pastore and aggression
1952
Believes that unjustified frustration may lead to aggression, as there is no explanation as to why something is preventing you from reaching your desired outcome
Aggression behaviour is cathartic
The expression of aggression is cathartic because the aggression created by the frustration is satisfied, this reduces the drive making further aggression less likely
Aggression may be indirectly expressed
Dollard et al, believed that aggressive drives are governed by external factors in the social world which blocks our attempt to reach this goal. Aggression may be displaced because:
- the cause for it may be abstract, such as an economic situation
- the cause may be too powerful and we risk punishment by aggressing against it
- the cause may just be unavailable at the time
Bushman and aggression
Bushman found that behaving aggressively is likely to lead to more, rather than less, aggression in the future. Bushman found that aggressive behaviour kept aggressive thoughts and angry feelings active in memory and made people more angry and more aggressive
Berkowitz and LePage
1967
- the weapons effect shows that cues make aggression more likely
- they found once students became frustrated in a lab task, they were more likely to give fake electric shocks when they could see a weapon next to them
Berkowitz and revised theory
He proposed the negative affect hypothesis by modifying the original hypothesis stating that frustration led to anger, which led to aggression
A03 of frustration aggression hypothesis
- Evidence for Pastore’s research- Kullik and Brown (charity calls)
- supporting evidence- BARKER (children and toys)
- Real world application mass shootings- FA hypothesis used to explain
- Not all aggression comes from frustration
- lack of research support for central claims- Catharsis and BUSHMAN
