Frontiers in Veterinary Science Flashcards
According to 2015 “Characterization of the Temporomandibular Joint of Southern Sea Otters (Enhydra lutris nereis)” by Lieske, Arzi et al, in what direction were TMJ disk fibers primarily aligned?
A. mediolateral
B. rostrocaudal
C. dorsoventral
D. no pattern
According to 2015 “Characterization of the Temporomandibular Joint of Southern Sea Otters (Enhydra lutris nereis)” by Lieske, Arzi et al, in what direction were TMJ disk fibers primarily aligned?
A. mediolateral
*B. rostrocaudal
C. dorsoventral
D. no pattern
According to 2015 “Characterization of the Temporomandibular Joint of Southern Sea Otters (Enhydra lutris nereis)” by Lieske, Arzi et al, which reflects the trend seen for sulfated glucosaminoglycan content in sea otters compared to other mammals and male vs female sea otters:
A. mammals > sea otters, males > females
B. mammals > sea otters, females > males
C. sea otters > mammals, males, > females
D. sea otters > mammals, females > males
According to 2015 “Characterization of the Temporomandibular Joint of Southern Sea Otters (Enhydra lutris nereis)” by Lieske, Arzi et al, which reflects the trend seen for sulfated glucosaminoglycan content in sea otters compared to other mammals and male vs female sea otters:
*A. mammals > sea otters, males > females
B. mammals > sea otters, females > males
C. sea otters > mammals, males, > females
D. sea otters > mammals, females > males
According to 2015 “Characterization of the Temporomandibular Joint of Southern Sea Otters (Enhydra lutris nereis)” by Lieske, Arzi et al, the disks were primarily composed of type I or type II collagen?
Type I
According to 2015 “Characterization of the Temporomandibular Joint of Southern Sea Otters (Enhydra lutris nereis)” by Lieske, Arzi et al, which group had significantly stronger and stiffer disks?
A. younger > older
B. females > males
C. larger > smaller
D. males > females
According to 2015 “Characterization of the Temporomandibular Joint of Southern Sea Otters (Enhydra lutris nereis)” by Lieske, Arzi et al, which group had significantly stronger and stiffer disks?
A. younger > older
*B. females > males
C. larger > smaller
D. males > females
According to 2015 “Quantitative comparison of mathematical models to measure surface area of canine teeth prepared to receive full veneer crowns in dogs” by Collins, Soukup et al, the mathematical model based on which shape was most accurate:
A. right elliptical cone
B. right circular frustum
C. right pyramidal cone
D. right elliptical frustum
According to 2015 “Quantitative comparison of mathematical models to measure surface area of canine teeth prepared to receive full veneer crowns in dogs” by Collins, Soukup et al, the mathematical model based on which shape was most accurate:
A. right elliptical cone
B. right circular frustum
C. right pyramidal cone
*D. right elliptical frustum
According to 2015 “Crown preservation of the mandibular first molar tooth impacts the strength and stiffness of three non-invasive jaw fracture repair constructs in dogs” by Lothamer et al, which accurately reflects the rate of cohesive vs adhesive failure rates:
A. cohesive 22.1%, adhesive 77.9%
B. cohesive 55.8%, adhesive 44.2%
C. cohesive 72.9%, adhesive 27.1%
D. cohesive 89.0%, adhesive 11.0%
According to 2015 “Crown preservation of the mandibular first molar tooth impacts the strength and stiffness of three non-invasive jaw fracture repair constructs in dogs” by Lothamer et al, which accurately reflects the rate of cohesive vs adhesive failure rates among all treatment groups:
A. cohesive 22.1%, adhesive 77.9%
B. cohesive 55.8%, adhesive 44.2%
*C. cohesive 72.9%, adhesive 27.1%
D. cohesive 89.0%, adhesive 11.0%
According to 2015 “Crown preservation of the mandibular first molar tooth impacts the strength and stiffness of three non-invasive jaw fracture repair constructs in dogs” by Lothamer et al, which technique demonstrated greatest bonding stiffness and load to failure:
A. IWC
B. CO
C. TSC
D. CNTL
According to 2015 “Crown preservation of the mandibular first molar tooth impacts the strength and stiffness of three non-invasive jaw fracture repair constructs in dogs” by Lothamer et al, which technique demonstrated greatest bonding stiffness and load to failure regardless of M1 crown presence:
*A. IWC
B. CO
C. TSC
D. CNTL
According to 2015 “Piezoelectric bone surgery: a review of the literature and potential applications in veterinary oromaxillofacial surgery” by Hennet, at what vibration frequency does the piezoelectric unit cut mineralized tissues vs soft tissues?
A. mineralized 25-35Hz, soft 50Hz
B. mineralized 50Hz, soft 25-35Hz
C. mineralized 65-75Hz, soft 30Hz
D. mineralized 30Hz, soft 65-75Hz
According to 2015 “Piezoelectric bone surgery: a review of the literature and potential applications in veterinary oromaxillofacial surgery” by Hennet, at what vibration frequency does the piezoelectric unit cut mineralized tissues vs soft tissues?
*A. mineralized 25-35Hz, soft 50Hz
B. mineralized 50Hz, soft 25-35Hz
C. mineralized 65-75Hz, soft 30Hz
D. mineralized 30Hz, soft 65-75Hz
According to 2015 “Non-radiation-related osteonecrosis of the jaws in dogs: 14 cases (1996–2014)” by Peralta, Verstraete et al, what was the most commonly reported clinical sign?
A. weight loss
B. halitosis
C. oral pain
D. drooling
According to 2015 “Non-radiation-related osteonecrosis of the jaws in dogs: 14 cases (1996–2014)” by Peralta, Verstraete et al, what was the most commonly reported clinical sign?
A. weight loss
*B. halitosis
C. oral pain
D. drooling
According to 2015 “Non-radiation-related osteonecrosis of the jaws in dogs: 14 cases (1996–2014)” by Peralta, Verstraete et al, what region coincided with the highest rate of ONJ?
A. mandible
B. traumatic malocclusion
C. incisive bone
D. recent extraction
According to 2015 “Non-radiation-related osteonecrosis of the jaws in dogs: 14 cases (1996–2014)” by Peralta, Verstraete et al, what region coincided with the highest rate of ONJ?
A. mandible
B. traumatic malocclusion
C. incisive bone
*D. recent extraction
According to 2015 “Regenerative approach to bilateral rostral mandibular reconstruction in a case series of dogs” by Arzi, Verstraete et al, for the two patients that did not experience complications, what was the increase in mineral repair tissue volume between post-op CT and 6-month recheck CT?
A. 22-32%
B. 28-44%
C. 43-53%
D. 71-76%
According to 2015 “Regenerative approach to bilateral rostral mandibular reconstruction in a case series of dogs” by Arzi, Verstraete et al, for the two patients that did not experience complications, what was the increase in mineral repair tissue volume between post-op CT and 6-month recheck CT?
A. 22-32%
B. 28-44%
*C. 43-53%
D. 71-76%
According to 2016 “Comparing Intraoral Radiography and Computed Tomography for Detecting Radiographic Signs of Periodontitis and Endodontic Disease in Dogs: An Agreement Study” by Campbell, Peralta et al, what was the region responsible for this and and to what did it/they contribute?
A. mandibular molars, 56%
B. mandibular incisors, 46%
C. maxillary incisors, 26%
D. mandibular symphysis, 56%
According to 2016 “Comparing Intraoral Radiography and Computed Tomography for Detecting Radiographic Signs of Periodontitis and Endodontic Disease in Dogs: An Agreement Study” by Campbell, Peralta et al, what was the region responsible for this and and to what did it/they contribute?
A. mandibular molars, 56%
*B. mandibular incisors, 46%
C. maxillary incisors, 26%
D. mandibular symphysis, 56%
According to 2016 “Comparing Intraoral Radiography and Computed Tomography for Detecting Radiographic Signs of Periodontitis and Endodontic Disease in Dogs: An Agreement Study” by Campbell, Peralta et al, how much more frequently were endodontic lesions detected on CT vs IOR?
A. 5%
B. 25%
C. 15%
D. 10%
According to 2016 “Comparing Intraoral Radiography and Computed Tomography for Detecting Radiographic Signs of Periodontitis and Endodontic Disease in Dogs: An Agreement Study” by Campbell, Peralta et al, how much more frequently were endodontic lesions detected on CT vs IOR?
A. 5%
B. 25%
C. 15%
*D. 10%
According to 2016 “Vertical Mandibular Range of Motion in Anesthetized Dogs and Cats” by Gracis and Zini, what was mean vertical ROM for dogs and cats?
A. dogs 107+/- 30mm, cats 62+/-8mm
B. dogs 84+/-20mm, cats 52+/-18mm
C. dogs 111+/-15mm, cats 41+/-5mm
D. dogs 135+/-31mm, cats 72+/-17mm
According to 2016 “Vertical Mandibular Range of Motion in Anesthetized Dogs and Cats” by Gracis and Zini, what was mean vertical ROM for dogs and cats?
*A. dogs 107+/- 30mm, cats 62+/-8mm
B. dogs 84+/-20mm, cats 52+/-18mm
C. dogs 111+/-15mm, cats 41+/-5mm
D. dogs 135+/-31mm, cats 72+/-17mm
According to 2016 “Vertical Mandibular Range of Motion in Anesthetized Dogs and Cats” by Gracis and Zini, for which group was mean ROM significantly higher in males vs females?
A. dogs only
B. cats only
C. neither dogs nor cats
D. both dogs and cats
According to 2016 “Vertical Mandibular Range of Motion in Anesthetized Dogs and Cats” by Gracis and Zini, for which group was mean ROM significantly higher in males vs females?
A. dogs only
B. cats only
C. neither dogs nor cats
*D. both dogs and cats
According to 2016 “Developmental Structural Tooth Defects in Dogs - Experience from Veterinary Dental Referral Practice and Review of the Literature” by Boy, Greenkamp et al, which of the following was not a defined type of clinical amelogenesis imperfecta:
A. hypoplastic
B. hypocalcified
C. hypomineralized
D. hypomature
According to 2016 “Developmental Structural Tooth Defects in Dogs - Experience from Veterinary Dental Referral Practice and Review of the Literature” by Boy, Greenkamp et al, which of the following was not a defined type of clinical amelogenesis imperfecta:
A. hypoplastic
B. hypocalcified
*C. hypomineralized
D. hypomature
According to 2016 “Developmental Structural Tooth Defects in Dogs - Experience from Veterinary Dental Referral Practice and Review of the Literature” by Boy, Greenkamp et al, which of the following correctly describes trends in gemination:
A. Most common for incisor teeth, permanent teeth, and border collies
B. Most common for incisor teeth, deciduous teeth, and boxers
C. Most common for premolar teeth, permanent teeth, and boxers
D. Most common for incisor teeth, permanent teeth, and boxers
According to 2016 “Developmental Structural Tooth Defects in Dogs - Experience from Veterinary Dental Referral Practice and Review of the Literature” by Boy, Greenkamp et al, which of the following correctly describes trends in gemination:
A. Most common for incisor teeth, permanent teeth, and border collies
B. Most common for incisor teeth, deciduous teeth, and boxers
C. Most common for premolar teeth, permanent teeth, and boxers
*D. Most common for incisor teeth, permanent teeth, and boxers
According to 2016 “Developmental Structural Tooth Defects in Dogs - Experience from Veterinary Dental Referral Practice and Review of the Literature” by Boy, Greenkamp et al, which of the following was not a defined type of dens invaginatus:
A. invagination beyond CEJ into root canal ending as bind sac
B. invagination extends through root or lateral surface to form additional opening with direct communication to pulp canal
C. invagination extends through root or lateral surface to form additional opening without direct communication to pulp canal
D. invagination of crown only not beyond CEJ
According to 2016 “Developmental Structural Tooth Defects in Dogs - Experience from Veterinary Dental Referral Practice and Review of the Literature” by Boy, Greenkamp et al, which of the following was not a defined type of dens invaginatus:
A. invagination beyond CEJ into root canal ending as bind sac
*B. invagination extends through root or lateral surface to form additional opening with direct communication to pulp canal
C. invagination extends through root or lateral surface to form additional opening without direct communication to pulp canal
D. invagination of crown only not beyond CEJ
According to 2016 “Therapeutic Management of Feline Chronic Gingivostomatitis: A Systematic Review of the Literature” by Winer, Verstraete et al, which surgical article demonstrated lower rates of remission and a higher rate of follow-up medical management compared to the others?
A. Use of CO2 laser as an adjunctive treatment for caudal stomatitis in a cat by Lewis Jr et al
B. Effect of tooth extraction on stomatitis in cats: 95 cases (2000-2013) by Jennings MW et al
C. Chronic gingivo-stomatitis in cats: long-term follow-up of 30 cases treated by dental extractions by Hennet P.
D. Surgical therapy in chronic feline gingivostomatitis (FCGS) by Bellei E. et al
According to 2016 “Therapeutic Management of Feline Chronic Gingivostomatitis: A Systematic Review of the Literature” by Winer, Verstraete et al, which surgical article demonstrated lower rates of remission and a higher rate of follow-up medical management compared to the others?
A. Use of CO2 laser as an adjunctive treatment for caudal stomatitis in a cat by Lewis Jr et al
*B. Effect of tooth extraction on stomatitis in cats: 95 cases (2000-2013) by Jennings MW et al
C. Chronic gingivo-stomatitis in cats: long-term follow-up of 30 cases treated by dental extractions by Hennet P.
D. Surgical therapy in chronic feline gingivostomatitis (FCGS) by Bellei E. et al
According to 2016 “Clinical Application of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography of the Rabbit Head: Part 1 – Normal Dentition” by Riggs, Verstraete et al, what were the shortest and thinnest teeth?
A. mandibular 3rd premolars
B. mandibular 3rd molars
C. maxillary third premolars
D. maxillary second incisors
According to 2016 “Clinical Application of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography of the Rabbit Head: Part 1 – Normal Dentition” by Riggs, Verstraete et al, what were the shortest and thinnest teeth?
A. mandibular 3rd premolars
*B. mandibular 3rd molars
C. maxillary third premolars
D. maxillary second incisors
According to 2017 “Clinical Application of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography of the Rabbit Head: Part 2 - Dental Disease” by Riggs, Verstraete et al, of the CBCT abnormalities likely to be observed on oral examination, coronal elongation was significantly associated with what?
A. inflammatory tooth resorption
B. periapical lucency
C. premolar/molar malocclusion
D. apical elongation
According to 2017 “Clinical Application of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography of the Rabbit Head: Part 2 - Dental Disease” by Riggs, Verstraete et al, of the CBCT abnormalities likely to be observed on oral examination, coronal elongation was significantly associated with what?
A. inflammatory tooth resorption
B. periapical lucency
C. premolar/molar malocclusion
*D. apical elongation
According to 2017 “Relationship between Feline calicivirus Load, Oral Lesions, and Outcome in Feline Chronic Gingivostomatitis (Caudal Stomatitis): Retrospective Study in 104 Cats” by Druet and Hennet, what clinical symptom was significantly positively correlated with FCV load?
A. lingual ulcers
B. alveolar stomatitis score
C. number of previous extractions
D. lymph node size
According to 2017 “Relationship between Feline calicivirus Load, Oral Lesions, and Outcome in Feline Chronic Gingivostomatitis (Caudal Stomatitis): Retrospective Study in 104 Cats” by Druet and Hennet, what clinical symptom was significantly positively correlated with FCV load?
*A. lingual ulcers
B. alveolar stomatitis score
C. number of previous extractions
D. lymph node size
According to 2017 “Relationship between Feline calicivirus Load, Oral Lesions, and Outcome in Feline Chronic Gingivostomatitis (Caudal Stomatitis): Retrospective Study in 104 Cats” by Druet and Hennet, which of the following is most true?
A. The vast majority of cats achieved clinical cure within 180 days.
B. Overall severity of oral lesions in FCGS was not significantly associated with FCV load.
C. There was a significant difference in outcome between extraction groups.
D. Cats with lower FCV loads improved faster than cats with higher FCV loads.
According to 2017 “Relationship between Feline calicivirus Load, Oral Lesions, and Outcome in Feline Chronic Gingivostomatitis (Caudal Stomatitis): Retrospective Study in 104 Cats” by Druet and Hennet, which of the following is most true?
A. The vast majority of cats achieved clinical cure within 180 days.
*B. Overall severity of oral lesions in FCGS was not significantly associated with FCV load.
C. There was a significant difference in outcome between extraction groups.
D. Cats with lower FCV loads improved faster than cats with higher FCV loads.
According to 2018 “Clinical Features and Computed Tomography Findings Are Utilized to Characterize Retrobulbar Disease in Dogs” by Winer, Arzi et al, what proportion of cases involved primary retrobulbar disease?
A. 25/66 (37.8%)
B. 32/66 (48.5%)
C. 41/66 (62.1%)
D. 55/66 (83.3%)
According to 2018 “Clinical Features and Computed Tomography Findings Are Utilized to Characterize Retrobulbar Disease in Dogs” by Winer, Arzi et al, what proportion of cases involved primary retrobulbar disease?
A. 25/66 (37.8%)
B. 32/66 (48.5%)
*C. 41/66 (62.1%)
D. 55/66 (83.3%)
According to 2018 “Clinical Features and Computed Tomography Findings Are Utilized to Characterize Retrobulbar Disease in Dogs” by Winer, Arzi et al, primary neoplasia of what region resulted in the majority of secondary retrobulbar disease?
A. zygomatic arch
B. maxilla
C. nasal cavity
D. TMJ/condyle
According to 2018 “Clinical Features and Computed Tomography Findings Are Utilized to Characterize Retrobulbar Disease in Dogs” by Winer, Arzi et al, primary neoplasia of what region resulted in the majority of secondary retrobulbar disease?
A. zygomatic arch
B. maxilla
*C. nasal cavity
D. TMJ/condyle
According to 2018 “Clinical Features and Computed Tomography Findings Are Utilized to Characterize Retrobulbar Disease in Dogs” by Winer, Arzi et al, what group of CT findings were most significantly associated with neoplasia?
A. orbital osteolysis, exophthalmos, misshapen globe, and mandibular lymphadenopathy
B. orbital periosteal reaction, presence of mass, and orbital osteolysis
C. retrobulbar mass effect, presence of mass, and compression/displacement of zygomatic salivary gland
D. exophthalmos, orbital periosteal reaction, and medial retropharyngeal enlargement
According to 2018 “Clinical Features and Computed Tomography Findings Are Utilized to Characterize Retrobulbar Disease in Dogs” by Winer, Arzi et al, what group of CT findings were most significantly associated with neoplasia?
A. orbital osteolysis, exophthalmos, misshapen globe, and mandibular lymphadenopathy
*B. orbital periosteal reaction, presence of mass, and orbital osteolysis
C. retrobulbar mass effect, presence of mass, and compression/displacement of zygomatic salivary gland
D. exophthalmos, orbital periosteal reaction, and medial retropharyngeal enlargement
According to 2018 “Effects of Edible Treats Containing Ascophyllum nodosum on the Oral Health of Dogs: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Single-Center Study” by Gawor, Svensson et al, at what time point(s) was there a statistically significant difference in total plaque accumulation between treated and placebo groups?
A. T30 and T90
B. T30
C. T60 and T90
D. T90
According to 2018 “Effects of Edible Treats Containing Ascophyllum nodosum on the Oral Health of Dogs: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Single-Center Study” by Gawor, Svensson et al, at what time point(s) was there a statistically significant difference in total plaque accumulation between treated and placebo groups?
A. T30 and T90
B. T30
C. T60 and T90
*D. T90
