From the App Flashcards
Type I root structure of Max first premolar
Type I - Single Root, wider buccolingually, prominent concavity on mesial surface, kidney shaped in cross section
Type II root structure of Max first premolar
Type II - Bifurcated Root
Root divides into a buccal and lingual root branch
Most common root form of maxillary 1st premolars
Type III root structure of Max first premolar
Type III - Laminated root
Resembles type II, except buccal and lingual branches are joined in part by lamination
Lamination - a thin connection between the main portions of the root structure
Which max first premolar root type is most common
Type II - Bifurcated Root
Root divides into a buccal and lingual root branch
Most common root form of maxillary 1st premolars
A crown concavity that is confluent with a longitudinal groove of the root is most commonly associated with which of the following teeth
Mesial surface of the max first premolar
Secondary Dentin
formed after root formation and throughout life
Primary dentin
laid down during tooth formation and ends when root development is complete
Tertiary dentin
laid in response to trauma or injury (caries) and is highly irregular
The dimension in which the Max and Mand Canine differ the most
the permanent Mand Canine is much narrower faciolingually than the permanent Max Canine
Which primary tooth closely resembles the permanent Mandibular First Molar - what two distinct characteristics
Primary Mandibular 2nd Molar - 5 cusps and a DB groove
The Primary mandibular 1st molar has four cusps and only max molars demonstrate oblique ridges
How many teeth exhibit 2 transverse ridges
none, when 2 happen, the second is called an oblique ridge
Mottled Enamel
Dental fluorosis - too much fluoride
What permanent anterior tooth normally exhibits a round pulpal outline in both cervical and mid root horizontal cross sections
Maxillary lateral incisors
The free gingiva extends from
the attached gingiva to the gingival crest
Attached gingiva extends from
mucogingival junction to the free gingival groove
Cervical lines on adjacent proximal surfaces of adjacent teeth
have approximately the same depth of curvature
Maxillary 3rd molars are almost always heart-shaped - True of False
It can be heart shaped, but it varies too much
Almost always wider buccolingually than mesiodistally
What are the outline shapes from the proximal view of these crowns
Anterior teeth
Maxillary posterior teeth
Mandibular posterior teeth
Anterior - Triangular
Max post - trapezoidal
Mand post - rhomboidal
Amelogenesis and dentinogenesis imperfecta - genetic?
yes
Flexion
involves root portion only, a bend in the apical most third of the root - can be caused by trauma
Dilaceration is a distortion of the normal relationship between the crown and root, a sharp bend that begins immediately apical to CEJ - can be caused by trauma
Muscle responsible for protrusive movements of mandible
Lateral pterygoids
Only tooth with a pulp wider mesiodistally than faciolingually
Maxillary Central incisor
Only tooth that appears triangular when viewed in cross section at the CEJ
Max Central Incisor
Enamel Tuft
areas of hypomineralization that extend from the DEJ up to 1/3 the thickness of the enamel layer
Not related to caries susceptibility
Enamel spindles
represent trapped odontoblastic processes
not related to caries susceptibility
hypomineralization
Enamel lamellae
cracks that run the length of the enamel layer - from the DEJ to the tooth surface
not related to caries susceptibility
hypomineralization
Which cusp is biggest/smallest on max first molar
Biggest - ML cusp is largest
Smallest - DL
Tubercle on teeth
Most commonly on the lingual surface
on rare occasions, the lingual surface has a tubercle located near the most incisal level of the cingulum
Curvature of canine root
apical end deflected to the distal
Which tooth has the highest rate of impaction outside of 3rd molars
Maxillary canine
Where is the PDL the thinnest
middle 1/3 of the root
PDL will atrophy and change fiber orientation with decreased us
Which type of dentin makes up most of the dentin in tooth
Primary dentin - laid down until tooth development is complete
Intertubular dentin - dentin that fills the space between dentinal tubules
Interglobular dentin
hypomineralized dentin formed where specks of mineral picked up by collogen fibers have calcified, but failed to fuse
Flatness of primary teeth
Primary teeth have a flatter facial and lingual surface than permanent teeth above crest of contour - gives the appearance of a narrower occlusal table
Hutchinson’s incisors
caused by congenital syphilis - bacteria
4-6 months in utero before calcification begins
screwdriver appearance of incisors
Mulberry molars - 1st molars affected by congenital syphilis
Primary teeth typically not affected
How many triangular ridges are on Max First Molar
5 - ML cusp has 2
2 basic types of Mandibular 3rd molars
Type I - resembles the 2nd molar with 4 cusps
Type II - resembles the 1st molar with 5 cusps
roots are extremely variable and 1 root and 2 roots are both common
Concrescence
union of cementum only
Segmented root due to
break in Herwig’s sheath
Imbrication lines
faint, curved lines that roughly parallel the CEJ in the cervical third of the tooth surface on facial side
How common is the cusp of Carabelli on primary 2nd molar
about 75% of Europeans
Which teeth are mamelons found on
only incisors, 3 mamelons
Alveolar process
the entire bony entity which surrounds and supports all the teeth
True or false, cementum is avascular
True
Bennett shift and Bennett angle
Bennett shift - lateral movement of the mandible towards the working side during LATERAL EXCURSIONS (not protrusive)
Bennett angle - the angle obtained after the non-working side condyle has moved anteriorly and medially, relative to the sagittal plane
Cross striations
mark the incremental lengthening of enamel rods (4 microns/day). They are ring-like, regular, and run a right angles to the enamel rods
Hunter-Schreger bands
alternating dark and light bands visible in the inner 4/5 of longitudinal tooth sections. they are believed to be no more than an optical phenomenon
When moving posteriorly in the mouth, proximal contacts become more
Cervically and buccally located
all anterior tooth contacts are centered faciolingually when viewed from incisal
Crest of curvature for both the mesial and distal sides of the Maxillary Central incisor is in which 1/3 of the tooth
the incisal 1/3
Bundle Bone
RadiOPAQUE
part of the alveolar bone adjacent to to PDL
Terminal Postition
Determined by how posterior the condyle can go in the glennoid fossa
Tetracylcine staining
Disoloration of the DENTIN
Largest incisal embrasure
between maxillary lateral and canine
Largest oclusal embrasure
between max canine and first premolar
Largest Overall incisal/occlusal embrasure
between the maxillary lateral incisor and the canine
Lamina stage
Initiation
Bud stage
Proliferation
Cap stage
Proliferation - enamel organ covers dental papilla
Early bell stage
Histodifferentiation
Advanced Bell stage
Morphodifferentiation
True or False - It is more common to have a 4th canal in the Max first molar
True
2nd and 3rd tallest crowns
Max central incisor
Max canine
Most common type of Mand 2nd molar
Y type
H type is least common
Exception to all lingual embrasures being larger than facial
Max 1st molar and Mand central incisors have equal facial and lingual embrasure sizes
Peg lateral
False microdontia in the the max lateral incisor
Where does fusion typically occur
anterior teeth
Where is Ludwig’s Angina
Sublingual, Submandibular, … space
The crowns of primary molars normally exhibit a prominent cervical ridge on which surfaces
The buccal surface only
True macrodontia vs false macrodontia
True is when all teeth are enlarged
False is when only one or a few are enlarged
