From Review Guide

Question 1

List three body parts that have ridges and furrows

Answer 1

Fingertips, palms, toes and feet

Question 2

Why do fingerprints offer an evolutionary advantage? Two reasons

Answer 2

1. The fingerprint stays the same your whole life
2. Everyone has unique fingerprints so it makes it easier to narrow it down to one person

Question 3

Explain the Bertillon identification system? Why was it not useful?

Answer 3

Body measurement system that measured body parts and identified people by their body measurements.
Will and William west case where other people could also have close to the same measurements

Question 4

Which two scientists are credited with the fingerprint classification system used in the US and Europe today?

Answer 4

1. Francis Galton
2. Sir Edward Henry

Question 5

What is raised structures on the tips of fingers?

Answer 5

Ridges

Question 6

What creates the ridges on the surface?

Answer 6

Papillae

Question 7

What is the outermost layer of skin?

Answer 7

Epidermis

Question 8

What is the layer of skin that contains papillae?

Answer 8

Dermis

Question 9

What is the layer of the skin that contains sweat glands and nerve cells?

Answer 9

Dermis

Question 10

What is the white space left in the fingerprint patterns?

Answer 10

Furrows

Question 11

What is the black space left in Fingerprint patterns?

Answer 11

Ridges

Question 12

List FOUR components left by your fingers when you touch something?

Answer 12

1. Sweat
2. Oil
3. Amino acids
4. Salts

Question 13

Why don’t twins have identical fingerprints?

Answer 13

The basal layer grows faster than the dermis and epidermis which collapses and creates different patterns.
DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENT

Question 14

How many deltas and cores does whorl, loop, arch have?

Answer 14

Whorl: 2 deltas, 1 core
Loop: 1 delta, 1 core
Arches: 0 deltas, 0 cores

Question 15

Compare radial and ulnar loops?

Answer 15

Radial is towards the pinky
Ulnar is towards the thumb

Question 16

Compare plain and tented arch?

Answer 16

Plain is like a sand dune very small dunes
Tented arch looks like a pointed hat or like a blanket over the high dune

Question 17

Compare plain and central pocket loop whorl

Answer 17

Plain whorl is like a swirl a big one

Central pocket loop whorl is the swirl in the middle that is in the center and other stuff are around it

Question 18

What is dusting?

Answer 18

Using powder and brush to visualize the print
On smooth surfaces

Question 19

What is iodine fuming?
What surface?

Answer 19

Iodine reacts with fatty oils in the skin
Non metallic

Question 20

What is Ninhydrin?
Surfaces?

Answer 20

Reacts with amino acids. Sprayed on paper it turns purple.

Cloth, paper

Question 21

What is silver nitrate?
Surface?

Answer 21

Reacts with salt

Salt and sweat

Question 22

What is superglue fuming?
Surface?

Answer 22

Melts and fumes attach. Leaves white impression

Non porous. Metal, glass, plastic

Question 23

What is the chemical found in superglue that adheres to fingerprint?

Answer 23

Cyanoacrylate

Question 24

Plastic type

Answer 24

Print left in soft materials

Clay, wax, soap, play dough

Question 25

Patent (visible) type

Answer 25

Left by liquids

Blood, ink

Question 26

Latent type

Answer 26

Prints that are invisible to the naked eye. Can only be seen with proper equipment.