from pages Flashcards
what materials are used to collect data
- used to be paper and pencils or pens
- skills log book
what type of data is collected
- abc data
- net notes using the heirchy of prompts most to least
- dtt data
functions of behaviors
- escape
- attention
- tangible
- sensory
EATS
FBA’s
functional behavior assessment
what are fba’s for
to identify the function of a behavior essentially
ABLLS-R
assessment of basic language and learning skills-revised
VB-MAPP
verbal behavior milestones assessment and placement program
VB-MAPP
vineland also
materials used for a FBA
- observations
- interviews
- review of records
materials used for ABLLS-R
stimli having to do with the child
materials used for VB-MAPP
- language builder
- reinforcer kit
- couting bears
toys for assessment essentially
prompts and cues can be used for vb-mapp, abbls-r, fba. it depends on what your superior says and what they want you to do
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what skill is needed to prove that a skill is still in a persons repertoire
maintainace and generalization
behavior reduction plan
- identifying the problem
- replacment behaviors
- how interventions should be done
how much supervision for a 40 hour work week
8 hours
about 5% of your hours monthly
types of supervsion needed for rbt
face to face and team meetings
size in reinfircers
how much reinforcers there are
immediacy
how soon
attractuvesness
how much they want it
receptive language skills are
the ability to respond to someone’s verbal communication
you can track your learners progress by
taking frequency data and graphing the results to be analyzed over time.
what is frequency data
count divided by time in which it occurs
define discrete trial training
break skills down into small teachable components
DTI stands for
discrete trial instruction
dti and dtt are the same
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who did the work on dtt
lovaas
what assessments can be helpful in setting up a VB program
ABLLS-R and the VB-MAPP
In ITT the format is
Sd/instruction –>Response
when doing ITT the goal with reinforcement should be what
from continous to intermittent
using transfer trials will help to illiminate
prompt dependency
in error correction after you represent the SD with a prompt you should do () and why()
do a distractor trial and then one by itself
to prevent a response chain
in the normal progression in ITT, materials go from being ()to ()
- orderly to messy
common type of data in ITT that takes little time
cold probe
what is a cold probe
determing level of skill without incentives
teaching johnny the names of the clothing as he puts them on is an example of
NET
what is stimulus prompting
changes the environment to elicit correct response
task variation. involves the random interpsering of
materials within one SD
with expressive targets you can use expanded trials treu or false
true
what are expressive targets 3 examples
- words
- sentences
- gestures
what are expanded trials
when another instruction is given
names for naturlistic approaches inDTI
- pivotal response training
- incidental teahing
- mileu therapy
a dtt has three main parts what are they
- SD-R-SR
in DTI the ITT generaly lasts how long
1-3 seconds
which is the instrcution
discrimintive stimuus
informational no is not necesary in DTI true or false
false
what someone says they want is the best predictor of reinforcer effectiveness, true or false
false
free operant means
what happens when things do not require access for reinforcement
free operant preference assessments involve
watching what your learner chooses to do when they can play with anything available
there is a functional relationship between a behavior and a consequence when that behavior naturally produces that ()
consequence
functional relationships
a relationship which changes according to value in something else
to establish functional relationships, you should do which things
teach intraverbals and tacts before mands
the SD for an imitation skill should be what three things
- do this
- copy me
- do what im doing
which is the proper abc form of imitative (mimetic) behavior
A-stimulus involving motor movement by a model, B-non-verbal and mimics the movements of the model, C-reinforcement of the imitative behavior
() is perhaps the most fundemental means of acquiring new behaviors and knowledge for humans
imitation
teachers can expand the motor skills by chaining them together. the following is an example of this is
- tying shoes
- brushing teeth
- writing name
having a child copy an instructor as she opens and closes her mouth is an example of
oral motor imitation
the four areas of motor imitation are
toy/object imitation, gross motor imitation, fine motor imitation, and oral motor imitation
for a student to be able to begin imitation training, they eed to engage in some pre-requisite behaviors including
staying seated and attending to the teacher
the following sequence should be followed in teachung imitation
probe–>, present model–>prompt–>gradually fade–>reinforce all approximations–>mix up the actions with other mastered actions
it is important to remember throughout imitative skills training that the end goal is to have the student
imitate others in his natural environment
which is an example of echoic behavior
A–>candy–>candy–>non-specific reinforcement
when children produce sounds that resemble those produced by their parents, these sounds may function as
automatic reinforcement
ssps stands for
stimulus stimulus pairing
ssps means what
when a vocal stimulus is paired with established reinforcers
as the student becomes more proficient with verbal imitation, whatproduces should be sued to shape articulation
differential reinforcemet
someone sigs a song as says “say aah”, the child says “aah” and they sing again, ths is called
an anticipatory game
the () can be used to help gauge echoic skills and can be of help when determining starting points with a given learner
- the early echoic skills assessment (VB-MAPP)
- kaufman speech praxis treatment kit
the kaufman method has been used at the carboe clinic in children with autism and is found to be ()an echoic protocol
as successful as
2 step procedure for stimulus stimulus paring
- the target sound “buh” is made by the teacher while a toy is presented
- the sound “buh” becomes paired with rienforcment
similar to classical conditioning, when a () such as parent vocalizations are paired with a () such as food, the vocalizations may become reinforceing themselves
neutral stimuli/reinforcer
consider everything when choosing targets except
sounds/words that have multple syllables
to teach verbal imitation 3
- volume
- multi word sentences
- intonation
listener responding involves
responding verbally to the verbal behavior of another
which of the following is an example of receptive language /listener responding
answering the questions “whar is your name” and how old are you
the abc of receptove language
a) another person’s verbal behavior
b) verbal response
c) non-specific reinforcement
in receptive instruction programs the first step should be
give instrcutisn to perform preferred tasks in context
which of the followin is a good receptove skills program for early learners
receptive identfication of body parts
objects are presented before pictires when teaching receptive identification true or false
false
in receptive an array of items shold
increase in size and become messier
if a child can respond corectly to “touch the car” , but not repsond corectly to “touch the one you drive” they may be messing what skill
listener responding for function feature and class
if shown an array of phots and asked , “give methe one that you jump on” this is an examlpe of
function
9 guidlines by burch and bailey that should be followed when
making decision about clients
what is not covered by the bacba code of ethics
the bheavioral analysts ethical responsibility tp occupational therapy
punishment is to
decresase behavior
aba is effectve for
- businesse
- children with asd
- persons sufferng from alcoholism
clients have certain rights and perogaties that need to be mainatend. the client mst be provided on request what
an accurate, current set of the practitioner’s credentials
the prevelance of autism is
1 in 110
what is not diagnsitic criteria for asd
impairment in verbal and non-verbal communication
Lack of big smiles or joyful expressions by six months are evidence of
Autism
aspergers syndrom page review
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step one in creating treatmet plan
define behavior and select measurment technique
an operational defiition is sleected for behavior to
let observers agree on occurnce and nococuenrce of behavior
indirect assesment is
- interviews
- rating scales
- questions
- surveys etc
outome reodirng could be sued for what
writignan essay
freuqnecy recording could be used for
key strokes
measuring how long it takes for a behavior to occur would be called
latency
if jimmy enagges in a behavior at any point within a set amout of time it would be called what interval recording
partial
which kind of data shold be recorded o a graoh for visual analysis
all data
when labeling the vertical y-axis you shoud indiacte the specifc measurment of behavior true or false
true
graphig and progress evaluation pages review
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During baseline behavior is assessed in
The natural environment
Visual inspection is
Where data is graphed and analyzed
Data should be graphed when
After treatment is introduced
The x axis is
The unit of time where data is obtained
Phase change line is
A solid vertical line
Line graphs can be used for
- %
- Intensity and latency
- Frequency and rate
Line graphs are connected with a solid
Solid line
Bra graphs and histograms are
The average of data under different conditions
Disadvantage of bar graphs is that they
Don’t display changes in trend, duration of conditions, or fluctuations of the data
When would you demonstrate a change in mean by drawing a horizontal line through the data set
Line graphs
What can be used to predict behavior in the future
A trend line in the direction of the behavior change
Bar graphs can omit information, such as
The duration of the conditions
Respect autonomy, benefit others, and be just are all from
Ethics for behavior analysts by Bailey and Burch
The bacb Dictates all crisis procedures for our field
True
Asperger’s is on a continuum of disorders known as
Autism syndrome
Those with Asperger’s usually have ()functioning levels than those with autism
Higher
First indicators of Asperger’s are
Language delays
Characteristic of Asperger’s
Difficulty reading facial expressions and body language
Temple grandin
Had autism
