From models to materials - properties of alloys Flashcards
What is an alloy?
Alloys are mixtures of metals, where the metals are mixed together physically but are not chemically combined.
Alloys can also be made from metals mixed with nonmetals such as carbon.
How are ions in alloys arranged?
Ions of the different metals are spread throughout the lattice and are bound together by the delocalized electrons.
Why is it possible to form alloys?
It is possible to form alloys because of the non-directional nature of the metallic bonds.
Why do alloys have different properties compared to pure metals?
Alloys have distinct properties due to the different packing of the cations in the lattice.
What are some properties that alloys can have compared to the metals they contain?
Alloys can have greater strength, hardness, or resistance to corrosion or extreme temperatures.
How does the size of atoms in an alloy affect its properties?
Alloys contain atoms of different sizes, which distorts the regular arrangements of cations.
What effect does distortion in the cation arrangement have on alloys?
It makes it more difficult for the layers to slide over each other, so they are usually much harder than the pure metal.
What is the composition of Brass?
Brass is composed of copper and zinc.
What are the properties and uses of Brass?
Properties: strong and resistant to corrosion; Uses: door handles, hinges, musical instruments.
What is the composition of Steel?
Steel is composed of iron, carbon, and other elements like chromium, vanadium, and molybdenum.
What are the properties and uses of Steel?
Properties: very strong; Uses: construction, bridges, cars.
What is the composition of Stainless Steel?
Stainless Steel is composed of iron, chromium, nickel, and carbon.
What are the properties and uses of Stainless Steel?
Properties: corrosion resistant; Uses: cutlery, surgical instruments, cookware.
What is the composition of Solder?
Solder is composed of lead and tin.
What are the properties and uses of Solder?
Properties: low melting point; Uses: joining metals in electrical circuits and jewellery.
What is the composition of Bronze?
Bronze is composed of copper and tin.
What are the properties and uses of Bronze?
Properties: hard and strong resistance to corrosion; Uses: medals, sculptures, ship fittings.
