from class notes

Question 1

movement is parallel to the dip of the fault

Answer 1

strike slip and dip slip

Question 2

fault movement that has strike slip and dip slip components

Answer 2

oblique slip fault

Question 3

the overlying surface of an inclined fault plane

Answer 3

hanging wall

Question 4

the underlying surface of an inclined fault plane

Answer 4

footwall

Question 5

a fault where the hanging wall has moved down relative to the footwall

Answer 5

normal fault

Question 6

a fault where the hanging wall has moved up relative to the footwall

Answer 6

reverse fault

Question 7

a reverse fault with a low angle fault plane dip (<30*)

Answer 7

thrust fault

Question 8

all ____ faults are ____ faults,
but not all ____ faults are ____ faults

Answer 8

thrust, reverse
reverse, trust

Question 9

compotency

Answer 9

relative resistance to flow of adjacent rocks

Question 10

_____ competency is more resistant to folding

Answer 10

high

Question 11

_____ compotency is less resistant to folding

Answer 11

low

Question 12

fissure

Answer 12

wide extensional fracture

Question 13

shear fracture

Answer 13

movement parallel to fracture plane

Question 14

extensional fracture

Answer 14

motion perpendicular to fracture plane

Question 15

veins

Answer 15

filled in joints or fractures

Question 16

fault

Answer 16

fracture with significant movement

Question 17

fractures with very little or no displacement parallel to fracture and only slight displacement perpendicular to fracture plane

Answer 17

joint

Question 18

slickens

Answer 18

linear fractures due to motion along a fault

Question 19

smooth, shiny fault surface

Answer 19

slickenSIDES

Question 20

fine lines on fault surface

Answer 20

slickenLINES

Question 21

slickenlines due to mineral growth along fault plane

Answer 21

slickenFIBERS (or crystal fiber lineations)

Question 22

klippe

Answer 22

“cliff”

Question 23

nappe

Answer 23

“paper, sheet”

Question 24

material/bedding in a fault that has significantly moved

Answer 24

allochthon

Question 25

material/bedding in a fault that has NOT significantly moved

Answer 25

autochthon

Question 26

feaster or "window"

Answer 26

a place in the fault that has been eroded enough to see the autochthonous material

Question 27

decollement (day-clum-aw)

Answer 27

lowest most fault

Question 28

points slide along one fault and then break into three faults

Answer 28

imbricate fan

Question 29

points slide along one fault and then break into three parts of the fault and meet back together

Answer 29

duplex

Question 30

consistent vein direction shows direction of sigma __ during deposition or deformation

Answer 30

sigma 3

Question 31

tensional fractures are perpendicular to

Answer 31

sigma 3

Question 32

asmuth is calculated by

Answer 32

subtracting from 360 based on direction of movement (N,S,E,W)

Question 33

bisects the acute angle between the conjugate faults (at 90* from sigma 2)

Answer 33

sigma 1

Question 34

the pole to the plane containing sigma 1 and sigma 3

Answer 34

sigma 2

Question 35

along the intersection of conjugate faults or fractures

Answer 35

sigma 2

Question 36

pole to plane

Answer 36

match plane on stereonet to find pole, observe plunge

Question 37

the wedge of material in the acute angle that moves inward along sigma 1

Answer 37

sense of slip

Question 38

a down fallen block due to faults on either side

Answer 38

graben or "ditch"

Question 39

upthrown block due to faults on either side

Answer 39

horst or "retreat"

Question 40

commonly seen with one another

Answer 40

grabens and horsts

Question 41

faults on either side where both faults dip in the same direction

Answer 41

half graben

Question 42

starts steeper at the surface and progressively gets shallower

Answer 42

listric fault

Question 43

a lateral strike slip component that leaves a shelf

Answer 43

tear fault

Question 44

where is the axial plane?

Answer 44

straight down through the fold

Question 45

ramp

Answer 45

steeply cuts across bedding

Question 46

to break apart and come back together (ex: braided stream)

Answer 46

anastomizing

Question 47

refers to things bending as they go from one material to another

Answer 47

refraction

Question 48

crenulations

Answer 48

wave like layers

Question 49

more likely to be parallel to the axial plane than high compotency layers

Answer 49

low compotency layers

Question 50

are more common perpendicular to the axial plane

Answer 50

higher compotency layers

Question 51

sausage links

Answer 51

boudins

Question 52

maximum strengthening and stretching

Answer 52

sigma 1

Question 53

minimum strengthening and stretching

Answer 53

sigma 3

Question 54

pancake shaped

Answer 54

oblique

Question 55

cigar shaped

Answer 55

prolate