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IWS > Friuli > Flashcards

Friuli Flashcards

1
Q

Why is Fruili considered a birthplace of modern Italian wine making?

A

In the late 1960s a small group of inspired producer began crafting clean fresh and fruity white wines

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2
Q

What’s the name of the sweet wines that Friuli is historically renowned for

A

Picolit, Ramandolo

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3
Q

What are 4 principal topographical belts of Fruili

A

The alp and prealps
The eastern hills
Cental plain
The lower coastal plain

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4
Q

Where is the highest annual rainfall

A

Where plains meet alps

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5
Q

What is Bora and how it influences Friuli?

A

Bora is a cold Winter wind from the East. With Alpine air and air movement and inland see breezes it results in reducing humidity, and mitigating summer heat as of which results is slow and even maturation

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6
Q

What are principal rivers of friuli

A

Livenza, Tagliamento, Isonzo, Natisone

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7
Q

What are 3 piece of principle soil types

A

Sand clay and gravel
sand stone and Marl
limestone plateau

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8
Q

Sand clay and gravel

A

-plains(high central, low coastal)
-high: extremely permeable due to high gravel/sand content
-low: fertile, less drained, high content of clay
-represent deposit left by glacier

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9
Q

Sandstone and calcareous marl

A

-eastern hills
- flisch of cormons/ponca
-35-55 mil years ago- when covered by seawater
-distinctive alternating layers of sandstone and mar

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10
Q

Ponca soil

A

Easterm fruili, alternating layers of sandstone and marl

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11
Q

Limestone plateau

A

Southeastern corner
- adriatic sea and slovenia,
- carso
-layered with iron rich sand and clay

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12
Q

That’s Fruili have more red or white plantings
Say percentage

A

White -more than 70%
Red-less than 30%

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13
Q

Which International varieties represent fruili (country and grapes)

A

France- PG, PB, CH, SB, M, CF (grew before phylloxera)
Germany- Blaufränkisch, Riesling, Welchsrieling
Slovenia- Vitovska, Terrano, Malvasia Istriana

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14
Q

Name vine training system and where are they used in Fruili

A

Sylvoz & Casarsa - plains
Cappucina & Guyot- hills and Fruili Isorzo DOC
Alberello- ribolla giala and vitovska

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15
Q

Who stands behing white wine revolution in Fruili

A

Mario Schiopetto

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16
Q

Who is behind introduction of super whites and what are those ?

A

Producer Jermann
Blend of native and international whites

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17
Q

History of wine industry ( doc igt docg) producers vs cooperatives)

A

Before 1960 - bulk wine
Now- 4 DOCG , 12 DOC (more than 40% production) redt IGT

Family owned small to medium size producers - average holding 2.5 ha

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18
Q

What are 3 main sub-regions of Fruili

A

Central plains
Coastal plains
Eastern fruili

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19
Q

Which appelations and expceptions decided not to add ‘Fruili’to their name

A

DOCs of Collio and Carso
Lison DOCG and Lison-Ramaggiore DOC and Prosecco ( interregional)

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20
Q

Soils of Fruili Grave DOC

A

-most - alluvial plain
-gravel and sands worh high limestone content
-North- more gravel, south- finer texture (high sand , silt, clay)
-well drained - irrigation necessary
- reflect light

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21
Q

Grapes in Fruili grave doc

A

Mostly reds
Main- merlot
-CF; Refrosco, CS

Whites- Fruilano, PB, PG, CH, SB

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22
Q

Where is Lison DOCG and what grape ot grows?

A

Interregional- Veneto and Fruili
Between tagliamento and livenza river
Perdonone
Fruilano

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23
Q

What is the name of Collio on Slovenian part

A

BRDA

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24
Q

Soils of Collio

A

Layers of Sandstone and calcarious marls- ponca /flysch of Cormons

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25
Q

What is ronchi

A

-well exposed often terraced sites
-used for names of estates, vineyard s, wines

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26
Q

Is collio mostly red or white appellation?
Name the grapes

A

White, 80%
Widely planted- PG
SB, Friulano
Ribolla Gialla, malvasia istriana, Ch,PB

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27
Q

Name most well known historic subzone of Collio DOC

A

Capriva
San Floriano del Collio
Oslavia( historic home of Ribolla gialla)

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28
Q

Which subzone is historic zone for Ribolla Gialla

A

Oslavia

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29
Q

Whats the name of benchmark white blend of Collio and which grapes it includes

A

COLLIO BIANCO
Friulano, Malviasia, Ribolla Gialla, Ch, S, PB, PG

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30
Q

Friulano in Collio

A

Full- flavoired, mediul to full bodied, perfumed
Herbal and grassy, stone fruit, almond finish

31
Q

Ribolla Gialla in Collio

A

Light bodied
Floral, citrus, mineral,

Acquires intensity, depth, great complexity when produced using sking maceration

32
Q

SB in Collio

A

Bright acid, exotic richness, mineral,
Hints of thyme, sage and tomato leaf

33
Q

PG in Collio

A

Similiar to Alsatian PG

34
Q

Malvasia in Collio

A

Floral, pear and stone fruit, honeyed

35
Q

How lomg does have to age w/r reserva wines in Collio

A

W- 20 months
R-30 months

36
Q

How Julius Ceasar influenced Colli Orientali

A

Founded the city of Forum Iulli
It was ceasars legionaries that upon retirement, became farmers and developed vineyards there

37
Q

What the name Colli Orientali means and why

A

‘Eastern hills’- location- eastern foothils of pre alps, borders fruili grave and collio docs

38
Q

Climate of colli orientali

A

More continental and cooloer, position further away from adriatic sea

39
Q

Most wideli planted grape in colli orientali

A

Friulano
Followed by S, PG, Verduzzo, PB, RG

40
Q

Red wine production of Colli orientali

A

-southern area- Buttrio, Cividale, Manzano -warmer areas
-native- Refrosco, Schioppetino, Tezzalange, Pignolo
-international- M,CF, CS, PN

41
Q

Name 4 subzone of colli orientali and their local grapes

A

Cialla- Ribolla gialla; verduzo fruilano, refrosco, schioppetino

Rosazzo- pignolo; ribolla gialla

Faedis- refrosco nostrano

Prepotto- schioppetino

42
Q

Grapes of cialla

A

Ribolla gialla, verduzzo friulano
Refrosco; schioppettino

43
Q

Grapes of rosazzo

A

Pignolo
Ribolla giala

44
Q

Grapes of faedis

A

Refosco nostrano

45
Q

Grapes of prepotto

A

Schioppetino

46
Q

Min aging requirements for r/w reserva of colli orientali

A

Min 2 y

47
Q

Name 4 DOCG of Fruilli

A

Lison
Rosazzo
Picolit
Ramandolo

48
Q

Who was acredited for modern day fame of Picolit

A

Count Fabio Asquini

49
Q

Who saved picolit from disappearance in 20th cent

A

Perusini family

50
Q

Production of Picolit grape in picolit docg

A

Appasimento
Min 85% picolit
Aged min 1 year
Use of small oak common

51
Q

Notes of picolit at picolit docg

A

Deep yellow to golden
Honey, white flowers; citrus, dried fruit, apricot; vanilla
Lighly sweet- decidedlly sweet
Medium to high alc, long finish, high acid,

Vino da meditazione- wine to sip alone

52
Q

Subzone of picolit docg

A

CIALLA
-classic subzone
-stricter production requrement; higher alc
-100% picolit
- aged min 2 y
-Riserva - only allowed for Cialla, min 4 y aging

53
Q

What was the first appelation in fruili to become docg

A

Ramandolo

54
Q

Where is ramandolo

A

Norrheastern part
Udine
Hamlet of ramandolo and communed of nimis and tarcento

55
Q

Production of ramandolo in ramandolo docg

A

Sweet white wines from 100% verduzzo giallo
Late harvesting-extra ripe, shriveling on vines
Appasimento

56
Q

Notes of ramandolo in ramandolo docg

A

Deep yellow to gold
Floral, honey, tropical fruits, apricot, almond
Medium to very sweet
Med to high alc, full body, high acid, slightly tannic mounthfeel

57
Q

Grapes and notes of rosazzo docg

A

Friulano+SB, PB, CH, RG
Medium to full body,
Floral, nutty and spicy

58
Q

What are 2 subzone of Friuli isonzo

A

Rive alte
Rive di giare

59
Q

Rive alte

A

Northern or right bank
Red gravel and clay
Less fertile
Gap in northeastern mountain
Best vineyards
Finedt and most concentrated
Can only be used for F, PG; Ch, SB, M

60
Q

Rive di grave

A

Southern left bank
Whute gravel limestone sadly loam
Fertile - lighter wines
Can be used only for PG, Malvasia Istrina, Refrosco, Merlot

61
Q

Carso Doc- location

A

Borderkng slovenia and facing gulf of trieste
Provinces gorzia and trieste

62
Q

Soil of carso and vinegrowing

A

Extremely bared rugged and arid landscape
Limestone plateau
Vines grow alongside olive trees, small plots on the coast and terraced vineyards

63
Q

What is the name of terraced vineyards in carso

A

pastini
200-500m

64
Q

Topsoils of carso

A

Very thin and nonexistent and often need to be transported
Poor in nutrients
Iron rich red rocks, clay, chalk, limestone

65
Q

Climate of carso

A

Mediterranean and continental influences
Strong influence of bora

66
Q

What makes wines of carso distinctive

A

Mineral salt character

67
Q

Which local grapes is carso known for

A

Vitovska
Terrano

68
Q

Carso/carso rosso (grape, historic home)

A

70%terrano
Classsic designstion- Trieste, Sgonico, Monrupino, Duino- Aurisina

69
Q

The most common single varietals of carso

A

Malvasia Istriana
Refrosco dal Penducolo

70
Q

Which techniques of making wine are employed in carso

A

Skin contact, fermentation in open vats/amphorae/barell, barrel fermentation and aging

71
Q

Reserva labeling in carso ( aging)

A

White-20m
Red- 24 m

72
Q

Which grape can be produced only in spumante versions in Fruili DOC

A

Ribolla Gialla

73
Q

Which province in Fruili is entitled to a specific designation under Proseco DOC

A

Trieste
Prosecco trieste DOC

IWS (2 decks)

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