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Friuli Flashcards

1
Q

Winemaking tradition in Friuli draws heavily from where?

A

Slavic, German and Italian cultures

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2
Q

From where and when was a new age of clean modern winemaking techniques adapted to Friuli?

A

Techniques adapted from Germany and Austria in the 1960s

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3
Q

Clean, modern winemaking in Friuli can be credited to whom?

A

Mario Schiopetto

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4
Q

Name two producers who are known for amphorae aging wine in Friuli.

A

Josko Gravner
Stanko Radikon

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5
Q

What are the DOCG of Friuli?

A

Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit DOCG
Lison DOCG (shared with Veneto)
Romandolo DOCG
Rosazzo DOCG

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6
Q

What is the subzone of Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit DOCG? Commune?

A

Ciala - produced in the commune of Prepotto

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7
Q

Denaminazione of Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit DOCG

A

Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit
Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit Cialla
Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit Cialla Riserva

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8
Q

Grape variety and minimum of Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit DOCG.

A

Minimum 85% Picolit, maximum 15% other white grapes of Friuli, excluding Gewürztraminer.

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9
Q

True or False: Gewürztraminer is allowed in Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit DOCG.

A

False

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10
Q

Grape variety and minimum of Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit Cialla DOCG

A

100% Picolit

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11
Q

Aging requirements for Colli Orientali del Friuli DOCG and denaminazione.

A

Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit: May not be sold until September 1 of the year following the harvest.
Cialla: May not be sold until September 1 of the second year following the harvest.
Cialla Riserva: Minimum 4 years aging from November 1 of the harvest year.

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12
Q

What are the two DOCG in Friuli for sweet wine?

A

Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit DOCG
Romandolo DOCG

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13
Q

What is the DOCG in Friuli made as a sweet wine from Verduzzo Friulano?

A

Romandolo DOCG

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14
Q

Where is Rosazzo located?

A

Southern end of Friuli Colli Orientali DOC

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15
Q

Where is Romandolo DOCG located?

A

Northern end of Friuli Colli Orientali DOC.

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16
Q

When was Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit elevated to DOCG status?

A

2006

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17
Q

How and when is Picolit from Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit DOCG required to be harvested?

A

By hand late in the growing season.

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18
Q

What is the climate of Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit DOCG?

A

High altitude, alpine shelter, cooler

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19
Q

What is coldest area of the Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit DOCG?

A

Cialla

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20
Q

This is a monople of Ronchi di Cialla in Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit DOCG.

A

Cialla

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21
Q

Ronchi di Cialla is renowned for shepherding this grape variety that is indigenous to Friuili.

A

Schioppettino - they brought back from extinction

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22
Q

What are the soils found in Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit DOCG?

A

Sedimentary flysch di Cormons

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23
Q

What is flysch di Cormons

A

Flysch is a sequence of sedimentary rock layers that progress from deep-water and turbidity flow deposits to shallow-water shales and sandstones. It is deposited when a deep basin forms rapidly on the continental side of a mountain building episode.

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24
Q

What is the process for the grapes in Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit DOCG?

A

-Grapes can be harvested and placed in low boxes or on straw mats to dry out prior to vinification
-Grapes to be left on the vine to concentrate sugars
-Botrytis

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25
Q

True or False: Picolit Riserva wines must come from the Cialla subzone.

A

True

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26
Q

Grape varieties of Rosazzo DOCG?

A

Min. 50% Friulano (Tai)
20-30% Sauvignon Blanc
20-30% Pinot Bianco and/or Chardonnay
Max. 10% Ribolla

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27
Q

Soils of Rosazzo DOCG.

A

Ponca vale (sandstone and clay/marl)

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28
Q

What is Ponca vale?

A

Sandstone and clay/marl found in Rosazzo DOCG.

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29
Q

Minimum alcohol of Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit and Picolit Cialla/Riserva.

A

Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit: 13% potential at harvest, 15% in the final wine.
Cialla: 14% potential at harvest, 16% in the final wine.

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30
Q

When did Romandolo elevate to DOCG status?

31
Q

Rosazzo was formerly a subzone of this DOC.

A

Friuli Colli Orientali DOC.

32
Q

When did Rosazzo DOCG become a DOCG?

33
Q

What are the DOC of Friuli?

A

Friuli Colli Orientali
Collio Goriziano/Collio
Friuli Isonzo/Isonzi del Friuli
Carso
Friuli Aquileia
Friuli Latisana
Lison-Pramagiorre
Prosecco
Friuli DOC/Friuli-Venezia Giulia DOC
Friuli Grave
delle Venezie DOC (shared with Veneto, Trentino Alto-Adige)
Friuli Annia

34
Q

How many DOC in Friuli?

35
Q

What two DOC lie both in Friuli and the Veneto

A

Lison-Pramagiorre
Prosecco

36
Q

This DOC of Friuli makes rosato that is required to use the saignee method. Grapes?

A

Friuli Annia
Cabernet Franc
Cabernet Sauvignon
Merlot
Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso

37
Q

Dolce wines from Friuli Colli Orientali DOC have a minimum RS of _____.

38
Q

What are the 5 legal subzones of Friuli Colli Oriental DOC?

A

Cialla
Ribolla Gialla di Rosazzo
Pignolo di Rosazzo
Refosco di Faedis
Schioppottino di Prepotto

39
Q

The DOC designation that covers the entire area of Friuli?

A

Friuli DOC or Friuli-Venezia Giulia DOC

40
Q

What DOCs fall completely inside the Friuli-Venezia Giulia zone?

A

Fruili Colli Orientali
Collio Goriziano
Friuli Isonzo
Carso
Friuli Annia
Friuli Aquileia
Friuli Latisana
Friuli Grave

41
Q

The Friuli-Venezia Giulia zone forms part of the following large DOC zones.

A

Prosecco DOC (with Veneto)
delle Venezie (with the Veneto and the province of Trento)

42
Q

International white grape varieties allowed in Friuli.

A

Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Riesling and Pinot Bianco, Pinot Grigio

43
Q

International red grape varieties allowed in Friuli.

A

Pinot Noir, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Merlot

44
Q

What is the difference in climate type between south and the north of Friuli?

A

South is mediterranean climate.
North is alpine, cooler climate

45
Q

What is the most important influence on the vineyards of Friuli-Venezia Giulia?

A

Their position between the Alps and the Adriatic.

46
Q

What does the mountainous topography in the north and east of Friuli do for the vineyards?

A

-Lifts many vineyards above the low-lying cloud that is sometimes trapped between the hills and the coast.
-Results in the vines basking in bright sunshine while temperatures are moderated by altitude.
-Helps the grapes to develop full phenolic ripeness and aromatic depth before their sugar levels peak.

47
Q

What does the maritime climate on the coast in Friuli do for the vineyards?

A

The maritime conditions moderate the diurnal temperature variation and create more stable, reliable weather.

48
Q

What are some of the most significant producers in Friuli?

A

Joseph Gravner, Miani, Radikon, Ronchi di Cialla, Livio Felluga, Venica e Venica, Ronco del Gnemiz, Borgo de Tiglio, Jermann

49
Q

Where is Miani located?

A

Buttrio
Northwestern Friuli

50
Q

How does the climate in Buttrio compare to that of Mernicco where Venica e Venica is located?

A

Buttrio is warmer

51
Q

Native white grapes of Friuli

A

Ribolla Gialla
Friulano
Verduzzo

52
Q

What DOC lies the furthest East in Friuli bordering Slovenia?

53
Q

What borders (regions and geographic features) Friuli?

A

Veneto in the west - border running along the Livenza river
North by the crest of the Carnic Alps, the border with Austria
East by the Julian Alps, the border with Slovenia and the Timaro River
South by the Adriatic Sea

54
Q

What are the major geographical features of Friuli?

A

Adriatic Sea to the south
The Alps to the north
The Friulian Plain in-between

55
Q

What is the climate on the coastal plains in Friuli?

A

Humid sub-Mediterranean

56
Q

What is the climate in the hills of Friuli

A

Continental

57
Q

What is the climate in the mountains of Friuli?

58
Q

What is the climate around Collio Goriziano?

A

-contrasting mesoclimates
Influenced by the hills
- continental climate with increased diurnal temperature variations
-warm sunny days, which help to bring the grapes to optimal ripeness
-cool, fresh nights to help them retain their all-important acidity.

59
Q

What do the Julian Alps do for the climate in Friuli?

A

Protects the area from the winds that would blow from Germany and Austria
They increase rainfall significantly by trapping moist air as it rises up from the Adriatic on warm summer days, creating short but dramatic rain storms - this reduces drought risk to almost zero, even in the hottest of summers

60
Q

How far South is the Adriatic from Gorizia?

A

25 kilometers (15 miles)

61
Q

What does the Adriatic Sea do for Gorizia?

A

-Its temperature-moderating effect removes the prickly heat from summer (with July averages of 75°F/24°C) and makes winters slightly less bitter
-It also plays an important part in creating the fresh breezes that blow northwards (towards the hills) on summer mornings and return southwards to the coast in the evening - These reduce the prevalence of mildew diseases, allowing healthy vine growth.

62
Q

White grape varieties of Gorizia.

A

Friulano, Pinot Grigio, Sauvignon Blanc, Ribolla Gialla, Malvasia Bianca, Chardonnay, Pinot Bianco

63
Q

Red grape varieties of Gorizia.

A

Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Merlot

64
Q

Most important grape of Friuli Colli Orientali DOC.

65
Q

White grape varieties of Friuli.

A

Friulano
Ribolla Gialla
Verduzzo
Picolit

66
Q

Most important red grape of Friuli Colli Orientali DOC.

67
Q

Refosco is related to what other red grape of Friuli?

68
Q

Where did Terrano originate?

69
Q

What is Flysch

A

Found in Gorizia and Friuli Coli Orientali
Rock type formed by repeated sedimentary cycles, resulting here in alternating layers of marl (calcareous clay) and sandstone

70
Q

What are the white grapes of Friuli Colli Orientali Cialla?

A

Ribolla Gialla, Verduzzo, Friulano

71
Q

What are the red grapes of Friuli Colli Orientali Cialla?

A

Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Schioppettino

72
Q

What is the only zone allowed to produced Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit Riserva?

73
Q

What does Ronchi di Cialla label their monopole as?

A

Ciallabianco

74
Q

What is the blend of Ronchi di Cialla Ciallabianco?

A

60% Ribolla Gialla
30% Verduzzo
10% Picolit

Northern Italy (10 decks)

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